To use the iodinated salt and foodstuff enriched by iodine have allowed practically on population level to eliminate deficit of microelement in nutrition the population of Belarus Republic. For further successful realization of the State program directed to lowering IDS propagation and ensuring steady biological monitoring to provide the population with iodine, under present-day level of iodine content in the nutrition chains it is possible to use more accessible for wide using in practical public health less sensible the alternative cerium-arsenite methods which allow to evaluate the individual and population indices of ioduria, to optimize the provision with iodine of various age groups of the region’s population of Belarus Republic, to raise the economic expediency and effectiveness of developing the prophylactic program.

The analysis of clinical-diagnostic indicators of child thyroid cancer patients depending on the amount of absorbed dose. All children were at the time of the Chernobyl accident in the Gomel region and lived in conditions of endemic goitrous and low-dose radiation exposure, prevailing after the accident.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of radioiodine therapy in 46 patients with thyrotoxicosis who received treatment in the Republic of Belarus. Results: a statistically significant decrease in the size of the thyroid gland by 71,9% was noted during 12 months after the therapy; radioiodine treatment causes a decrease in thyroid nodule volume. Within 1 year of treatment the desired therapeutic effect (hypothyroidism) was noted in 76,9% of the patients; hypothyroidism, requiring replacement therapy, is most actively noticeable after the first 3 months following the therapy.

The provided analysis of internal dose distribution at inhabitants of a settlement Kirov for 10-year period confirmed the hypothesis that each individual and also each family has its own certain place at a dose distribution curve and, constant in time, i.e. the same percentile value of dose distribution corresponds to each of them, in other words, at separate persons, families and their members relative doses are identical. This law can be used as a basis of the methodological approach of reconstruction of individual doses of concrete subjects of practically any time period of the accident which has a big practical value at present: namely, for filling the Belarus State Registry of the Chernobyl affected people by individualized doses, and a retrospective estimation of individual doses at performing of radiation-epidemiological studies.

The aim of the study: to revile statistic dependence of the internal exposure dose on¹³⁷Cs transition coefficient in a chain «ground - milk».

The aim of the study is to reveal that average internal dose in a settlement is the function of its environmental factors and social constitution. The method of investigation - statistic analysis of the internal dose in rural residents depending on number of factors: radioecological, marked in conversion factor of radionuclides from soil into milk; environmental - close location of a settlement to forest; social - number of population and demographic structure. Comparison of mean dose of internal irradiation was conducted in 10-years dynamics in rural residents of Vetka and Hoiniki districts situated in territory with approximately equal contamination density who had been earlier grouped by this feature. The internal dose depends not only on the degree of radio contamination of the territory but on the number of other factors such as: environmental - close to forest which in its turn determines access to forests «products», and social - number of population, social - age structure. None of these factors determine dose formation. Their influence on the process of dose formation in settlements must be regarded in the aggregate.

The purpose of article is the review of principles of evidence based medicine in surgery. A prominent aspect of evidence based medicine in surgery is definition of degree of reliability of the information.

The review dedicated to a problem of a tuberculosis at the HIV-infected persons. The modern data on epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinic and diagnostics of the HIV-associated tuberculosis are resulted. The article described treatment HIV/ТB-infection, chemoprophylaxis the latent tuberculosis.

The Barrett esophagus is proceeding to be an urgent theme for the clinicians and researchers. Topicality is stipulated that this sickness rates as precancerous condition and associates with increasing risk of the lower third esophagus adenocarcinoma development. In this connection a present-day diagnostics of the Barrett esophagus and monitoring of the patients allows to improve a sickness prognosis and to low a rate of fatal outcomes.

Recently in diabetology there were started actively implementing new modern technologies. One of such directions in continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). The purpose of the present work is revealing of hypoglycemia fluctuations during the day by CGMS, detection of frequency and duration of hypoglycemic reactions and registration of post hypoglycemic hyperglycemias. The provided data analysis has shown that the period of hyperglycemia made up the basic period of time not depending on patients age. The given fact is caused by chronic insulin overdose due to latent hypoglycemias and a syndrome of the damaged glycemia counter-regulation.

Rheumatoid arthritis - is an autoimmune disease of unknown aetiology, characterized with an erosive arthritis (synovitis) and systematic inflammatory affection of the internal organs. One of the main manifestations of the RA is the pain syndrom. We carried on the multicomponent estimation of the pain syndrom of 25 patients having RA according the inquirer of Mc-Gill. The result is the revelation of the predominans of the sensory pain component and the disparity between emotional perception and the degree of the expression of the subjective pain characteristic.

The aim of the study was the investigation of influence extravenous laser irradiation of blood on a condition neuropsychological and the vegetative status at patients with chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency for what 22 patients in the age from 64 till 84 years have been surveyed. It was shown after the lead rate of therapy hyperactivation of vegetative security and some improvement performance neurodynamic tests at deterioration of parameters of attention and working capacity.

In the article we can determine changes of parameters of the general and biochemical analyses of blood, also me can find clinical displays at patients on the various schemes of antiretroviral therapy applied to treatment of a HIV-infected in the Gomel regional infectious hospital are presented. It is revealed, that at the HIV-infected receiving various schemes of antiretroviral therapy, in 1-6 months of treatment the individual clinically expressed by-effects leading a cancelling or change of the scheme of antiretroviral therapy were observed. On the scheme: combivir + stocrin leading change were registered hematologic changes (heavy anemia) in 11, 8% of cases therefore scheme of therapy was changed. At the patients was on the scheme combivir +virasept, in 1 month from the beginning of treatment the maintenance of the general bilirubin in whey of blood authentically increased. Among the patients received stocrin + epivir + zerit, in 1 month from the beginning of treatment activity α- -amylase authentically increased. At the majority of patients with revealed аnti-HCVtot with presence of biochemical activity on a background of treatment parameters ALT were normalized.

The of development of the area of orifices of cava veins have been investigated on serial cuts taken from 133 human embryos at the age of 4-8 weeks of intra-uterine development. It is has been established, that the right common cardinal vein (RCCV), left common cardinal vein (LCCV) and inferior vena cava initially open in a sinus venosus of the heart. Their orifices locate very close from each other. In process of growth of the heart the orifices of these veins gradually remove from each other that testify to gradual embedding the wall of a sinus in the wall of the right auricle and the above mentioned veins are open in the cavity of the right auricle. RCCV and the right horn of a sinus form superior vena cava, and LCCV (it’s distal portion) and the left horn - a coronal sine of heart. At the entry of a primary auricle there is the venous valve consisting of the right and left shutters. It prevents from a retrograde blood flow in a sinus venosus and afferent vessels. In due course the left shutter is reduced . The valve of the inferior vena cava (Eustahii) and the valve of the sinus coronarii (Thebesii) are formed from the right one. Also it is revealed, that in embryogenesis the layings of the future myocardial constrictors of cava veins are formed.

Features of dynamics of morphogenesis of the esophago-gastric junction of human in the intra-uterine period of development are established: 1) During of morphogenesis of the esophago-gastric junction passes a number of consecutive stages: a stage of a formation; the stage has begun histogenesis; a stage of physiological atresia; a stage of canalization and a stage of end histogenesis; 2) By the end of 10 weeks embryogenesis the epithelium layers of a distal department of esophagus it is a ciliary epithelium.

As a result of research variations of a structure, topography and morphometrical parameters of the vessels of anterior parts of circle of Willis of brain are revealed depending on the constitution of skull and sex. By all types of constitution of skull the classical variant of structure of the anterior parts of circle of Willis of brain discovered in 75-87% events; in 13-25% events - its variants, which characterize in large various of anatomy and morphometrical parameters. In women the diameter of the anterior artery of the brain is larger then in men on 22,6% events. Different variants of structure of the anterior artery of brain are discovered in brachiocephals most often. Мorphometrical parameters of the anterior artery of brain in brachiocephals are larger then mesocephals and dolichocephals

The paper analyzes the results of thin-needle biopsy (TNAB).The purpose of the paper was to evaluate the efficiency of TNAB in the differential diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma .The data of TNAB were compared with the histological findings in 305 patients undergoing surgery. The sensitivity were - 96,3%, the prognostic values as for the presence of cancer were - 90,2%.

As the object of an investigation there were 8 patients (1man, 8 women) with primary hyperparathyroidism which were the residents of Gomel’s and Mogilev’s regions contaminated by radioactive nuclides for the period from 2003 to 2008. The all patients had the considerable hypercalcemia obstruction, tumor mass (lightcell adenoma) of one parathyroid gland, clinical presentations of primary hyperparathyroidism. For the patients made the parathyroidectomy, surgical removal of parathyroid gland adenoma. It was marked off the normalization of laboratory indices and the opposite development of clinical presentations during 3 and 30 days accordingly.

The work is based on study and analysis the direct results of surgical treatment 117 patients with postoperative ventral hernias to whom have been made allohernioplasty by the on lay method. The structure of early specific postoperative complications have been studied and their comparative analysis of tissue dissection method have been led. The investigation results showed that by using a method of ultrasonic dissection the amount of the complications was in 3,4 times less in comparison with the classic method of using a high-frequency coagulator. Moreover such complications as haematoma, ischemic necrosis of skin and subcutaneous cellular tissue but also infiltrations (in patients with primary ventral hernias) there were not met that was evidence of reliable hemostatic effect of the ultrasonic generator, «atraumatic» tissue dissection and positive literal it’s influence upon the surrounding tissues.

The purpose of work was the analysis of efficiency of application alprazolam in treatment of psychoautonomic infringements at cardialgia syndrome caused by a cervicothoracic osteochondrosis and coronary heart disease. Use of a low dose of alprazolam (0,75 mg day in 3 receptions) reduces the raised level of anxiety at patients with cardialgia syndrome.

Hospital mortality in patients with severe acute pancreatitis remains high. Some of these patients develop increased intra-abdominal pressure which may contribute to organ dysfunction. The review explores the challenges in diagnosis, pathophysiology, and recent concepts in the treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome in patients with acute pancreatitis.

We study the relationship between major clinical-diagnostic indicators with breast cancer. We show the progression of the disease is characterized by a significant decrease in the number of correlations between the clinical diagnostic and immunogistochemical characteristics of tumor tissue.

The analysis of the medical documentation of the patients died of the colorectal carcinoma in the Gomel regional oncologocal clinical dispensary is carried out. It is estаblished, that the most often reasons of death is pulmonary thromboembolism and pyogenic complications.

We researched correlations between morphological characteristics and immunohistochemical factors of prognosis of the cancer of rectum 2-3 stadium after preoperative radiation therapy. Correlative dependencies between apart prognostic factors were estimated.Prognostic importance of immunogistochemical markers of proliferation and apoptosis and local immunity was revealed.

The type is specifity features of papillomavirus infection are studied in 311 women. All inspected women were parted on two basic groups, I group - healthy virus-transmitter is a 101 woman, the II group is patients with different pathology the cervical of uterus (koylocytis of multi-layered flat epithelium, koylocyte CIN I-III, intraepitilial and invasion cancer the cervical of uterus) are 210 patients. At the study of frequency and features of virus-transmitter for healthy patients, it is exposed, that the infected in this group - 36,6 ± 5,0% (37 women). The most frequent type in the group of healthy women was HPV HCR (high cancerogen risk) 16 (59,4 ± 8,1%); practically HPV HCR 56 (16,22 ± 6,1%) and HPV MCR (middle cancerogen risk) 31 and 58 types (18,92 ± 6,4% and 16,22 ± 6,1% accordingly) met with identical frequency, while 18 a type is exposed only for 4th women (10,8 ± 5,1%). For women with HPV diagnosed the associated pathology of cervical uterus of HPV HCR at 75,68 ± 7,0%, thus most often at patients withcervical cancer - 95,4 ± 2,6%. Among HPV HCR most often there is HPV 16 type - 64,7 ± 3,3% (p < 0,05); among HPV MCR exuded HPV 58 type, meeting more frequent both in a general group (18,1 ± 2,6%) and at patients with advanced cervical cancer (31,8 ± 5,7%), thus distinctions of frequency of virus- transmitter HPV 58 type at patients with advanced cervical cancer, HSIL and LSIL statistically meaningful (p = 0,005 and 0,02 accordingly). This fact also can be delivered to the epidemiology feature of our region.

139 cases of herpes zoster were analyzed. Most often lesions were located in the area of chest (57,4%) and face (25,5%) dermatomes. A ratio of probability of occurrence of disease in various age groups is established. Patients of the senior age frequently endure the shingles on a background of a chronic pathology, these persons call for medical care and stand to the longest hospitalization.

In the article the results of evaluation of metabolic, nitric oxide productive functions and phagocytosis of leucocytes in patients with chronic recurrent furunculosis in the remission period of the disease are represented. The results of stimulated NBT-test in patients were significantly decreased. The increased level of nitric oxide production by mononuclear leucocytes of patients in comparison with healthy people was determined. In contrast to the control group the pirogenalum stimulation of patients’ leucocytes didn’t lead to increasing of nitric oxide production. The decreasing of functional reserve of reactive oxygen radicals and nitric oxide production in patients with chronic furunculosis in the remission period can be interpreted as the reflection of functional anergy of immune system.

Iron metabolism disorders are frequent in chronic diffuse liver diseases (CLD). Aims - to determine the peculiarities iron metabolism in patients with CLD and to develop diagnostic algorithm. Methods - complex clinical and morphologic investigation the iron metabolism in 167 clinical and 142 sectional cases of different CLD. Results - Laboratory signs of iron deficiency was disclosed in 26 (15,5%) and signs iron overload (IO) was determined in 35 (20,9%) CLD patients (n = 167). A liver hemosiderosis was discovered in 66 (46,5%) sectional cases CLD (n = 142). A HFE gene mutations was revealed in 11 (36,7%) of 30 CLD patients with IO. Conclusions - To order all CLD patients the iron metabolism disorders screening. Diagnostic algorithm was developed due to investigation results and modern requirements. Our algorithm provides the differentiated approach to diagnostic iron metabolism disorders in CLD patients.

In work is motivated possibility of the forecast to concentrations¹³⁷Cs in milt of the large horned live-stock (KRS), being kept on territory polluted радионуклидами with provision for that that factor of the transition¹³⁷Cs from dayly ration cortex in milk depends on factor of accessibility радионуклида. The Percent экстрагируемости радионуклида from stern, is defining parameter of the factor to accessibility. He depends on such factors, as quality rough provender and degree their деструкции.

The system of basic notions (concepts) for the demographic analysis and understanding of social aspects of demographic processes was proposed. Models on the evaluation of the quality of the family health, the family reproductive potential and the demographic potential of the country were developed.

The case of an extraabdominal blood cyst in a haemophilia A patient with inhibitor is presented. The large size blood cyst development caused various complications.