Evaluation of cellular and tissue reactions of electret antibacterial polymer coating for a woven vascular prosthesis in experiment

Objective. To carry out a histological assessment of cellular and tissue reactions in response to the samples’ implantation of a woven vascular prosthesis with a new composition of antibacterial polymer coating in experiment.

Materials and methods. The study of cellular and tissue reactions was carried out on 30 laboratory white rats. Samples of a woven vascular prosthesis with a coating based on a polyvinyl-chitosan complex with L-asparagine acid and antibiotic vancomycin 1% without treatment (the first experimental group) and with corona discharge treatment (the second experimental group) were studied. In accordance with the study design, the animals were removed from the experiment on the 5th and 14th day, and 20th week of the postoperative period. Samples were taken for histological examination.

Results. In all experimental groups in the first days of the study (up to five days), the formation of granulation tissue was observed, which was undergoing formation and was the most active in the second experimental group in which samples with polymer coating after corona discharge treatment were studied. In the middle of the observation period (14th day), the granulation tissue had matured, and there were no differences between the experimental groups. Similarly, without statistical differences in all experimental groups at later stages (20 weeks), fibroplastic activity was observed, leading to the formation of dense, unformed connective tissue.

Conclusion. Experimental data have demonstrated that the treatment of woven vascular prostheses samples with a polymer coating based on a polyvinyl-chitosan complex with L-asparagine acid by corona discharge and exposure to 1% vancomycin solution for 30 minutes improves the process of granulation tissue formation on the 5th day after implantation in laboratory animals.

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