Structure of malignant neoplasms in HIV-infected patients in Svetlogorsk district of Gomel region
https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2025-22-2-03
Abstract
Objectives. To evaluate retrospectively the structure of malignant neoplasms in HIV-infected patients using the example of Svetlogorsk district, as the area with the highest prevalence of HIV infection in the Republic of Belarus.
Materials and methods. The data of patients living in Svetlogorsk district of Gomel region and registered in the Belarusian Cancer Registry from 2015 to 2022 were analyzed. A comparison of data of patients with malignant neoplasms was conducted in HIV-positive patients (HIV+) (97 people) and HIV-negative (HIV-) residents of Svetlogorsk region (3015 patients).
Results. Among the registered cases of cancer in HIV-infected patients, 32% were AIDS-associated neoplasms, 66% were AIDS-non-associated neoplasms. The most common neoplasms in HIV-infected patients were non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer, Kaposi’s sarcoma, and oropharyngeal cancer.
Proportion of HIV-infected patients was 16.7% in the structure of malignant neoplasms in patients under the age of 50, but there was more than 60% among patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and 30% among women with cervical cancer.
Conclusion. Developing of the screening program and prevention of the predominant cancers in HIV-infected patients of working age will make it possible to increase their life expectancy and life quality.
About the Authors
E. I. Kozorez
Gomel State Medical University
Belarus
Belarus
Elena I. Kozorez - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Gomel State Medical University.
Gomel
V. M. Mitsura
Gomel State Medical University; Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology
Belarus
Belarus
Viktar M. Mitsura - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Deputy Director on Science Work, Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology; Professor of the Department of Infectious diseases, Gomel State Medical University.
Gomel
I. V. Veyalkin
Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology
Belarus
Belarus
Ilya V. Veyalkin - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of Epidemiology Laboratory, Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology.
Gomel
I. O. Stoma
Gomel State Medical University
Belarus
Belarus
Igor O. Stoma - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Rector of Gomel State Medical University.
Gomel
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Review
For citations:
Kozorez E.I., Mitsura V.M., Veyalkin I.V., Stoma I.O. Structure of malignant neoplasms in HIV-infected patients in Svetlogorsk district of Gomel region. Health and Ecology Issues. 2025;22(2):26-34. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2025-22-2-03
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