Виром в контексте здоровья и патологии дыхательной системы человека

Организм человека, наряду с обширными микробными сообществами, именуемыми микробиомом, содержит различные вирусы, называющиеся в совокупности «виромом», притом численность таких микроорганизмов характеризуется большой сложностью и неоднородностью, а также превышает количество бактерий микробиома в 10 раз. Виром человека постоянно обновляется за счет быстрого эволюционирования и поступления вирусов из окружающей среды, а вирусное сообщество человеческого организма является индикатором состояния здоровья человека. Одним из компонентов вирома являются бактериофаги, разнообразие которых определяется в первую очередь видами, составляющими бактериальный компонент микробиома. Наряду с другими анатомическими структурами организма, дыхательные пути здоровых людей представлены огромным сообществом вирусов, также как и бактериальными сообществами, а анализ полного вирусного разнообразия дыхательных путей жизненно важен для понимания особенностей вирома человека. На сегодняшний день для анализа вирома и использования полученных результатов в клинической практике наиболее удобны подходы, основанные на секвенировании нового поколения, стоимость которого значительно снизилась в последнее время.

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