Reactions of Subcutaneous Cellular Tissue in Response to the Implantation of a Polypropylene Endoprosthesis Modified with a Polycaprolactone Solution by Electrospinning

Objective: to study the morphological features of subcutaneous tissue in response to the implantation of a polypropylene mesh endoprosthesis (PSE) modified with a polycaprolactone solution by the method of electrospinning.

Material and methods. The object of the study was modified polypropylene mesh endoprostheses implanted in experimental animals. The animals were removed from the experiment on the 3rd, 7th, 60th day of the experiment. Subcutaneous fatty tissue along with the implanted material and regional lymph nodes were fixed in a 10 % solution of neutral formalin, followed by histological posting according to the standard technique and filled with paraffin. Histological sections 3-4 μm thick were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The morphological assessment of reactions to the implantation of the materials was carried out by means of the calculation of the cellular elements of inflammatory and connective tissue origin along the periphery of the implants (neutrophilic leukocytes, phagocytic neutrophilic leukocytes, degenerating neutrophilic leukocytes, eosinophilic leukocytes, lymphocytes, plasmacytes, histiocytes, macrophages, fibrocytes, fibroblasts, multinucleated giant cells).

Results. The study of the cellular composition has showed a statistically significant increase in the content of fibrocytes (p = 0.002) and fibroblasts (p < 0.001) on the 7th day of observation around the modified PSE. On the 60th day, the number of neutrophilic leukocytes at the periphery of the modified PSE was lower than that of the control sample (p = 0.004). The enhancement of the fibroplastic properties of the samples modified with polycaprolactone by electrospinning was characterized by a less pronounced inflammatory reaction of the peripheral tissues.

Conclusion. The obtained data are indicative of the fact that the modification of PSE with polycaprolactone reduces the reactive properties of endoprostheses and make it possible to recommend to introduce this method of PSE modification in clinical practice.

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