Risk of developing cervical dysplasia: relationship with Human Papillomavirus Viral Cancer Risk and age

Objective. To assess the risk of developing cervical dysplasia depending on the type of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the age of women (on the case of women from Gomel region).

Materials and methods. Cytological examination and testing for HPV of Viral Cancer Risk (VCR) were carried out from 2018 to 2023 using the Abbott RealTime hrHPV (USA) kit on the Abbott m2000sp device. This test separately detects HPV 16, HPV 18 and a pool of 12 additional HPV hrHPV types (HPV 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68). Material — scrapes from the cervical canal. 11382 women from Gomel region were examined.

Results. According to the results of the molecular genetic study, the infection rate of HPV VCR in women of Gomel region was 8.97% (n=1022). A tendency for the highest infection rate was noted in younger women. Thus, the highest number of HPV-positive samples was detected in the groups of 18-24 years old (n=276), 25-29 years old (n=156), 30-34 years old (n = 154). It was found that the relative risk (RR) of developing high-grade dysplasia in case of infection with HPV VCR was significantly higher in women of the age groups of 25-29 years old (RR — 66.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 15.58; 281.7)), 35-39 years old (RR 35.4 (95% CI 13.05; 95.79)) and 18-24 years old (RR 18.5 (95% CI 5.31; 64.46)). 711 (6.2%) women with a high probability of developing cervical dysplasia were identified. A high risk of developing dysplasia was noted in cases of infection with type 16 and/or type 18 of the virus, as well as for women aged 18-34 infected with other genotypes of HPV VCR.

Conclusion. Information on age and infection ith various genotypes of HPV VCR may be very useful for formation of risk groups of development of cervical dysplasia and effective strategies design for prevention of precancerous processes and cervical cancer associated with HPV.

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