Analysis of clinical cases of malignancy in chronic hyperplastic laryngitis

Abstract

Objective. To analyze cases of malignancy in chronic hyperplastic laryngitis (CHL) among patients subject to regular medical check-up (MC) in the Dobrush district of the Gomel region.
Materials and methods. Patients diagnosed with CHL who as of October 1, 2021 were subject to regular otorhinolaryngology MC in the Dobrush district of the Gomel region were included into the study. There were 39 men (64%) and 22 women (36%). The mean age of the patients was 54.5 years (from 32 to 82 years). The research methods included patient data analysis, video endoscopy of the larynx, and biopsy followed by morphological study.
Results. As of October 1, 2021, the patients subject to regular otorhinolaryngology MC (from a few months to 30 years) were patients diagnosed with CHL in the Dobrush district of the Gomel region from 1991 to 2021. At the time of being diagnosed, 87% (53 of 61) of the patients were of working age; 27 (44%) patients visited doctors once a year or more rarely; 27 (44%) patients had received only outpatient treatment which consisted mainly of antibiotic therapy. During inpatient treatment, biopsy was performed in 15 (25%) patients. All the patients were called to attend the appointment for video endoscopy of the larynx. In 3 (5%) cases, the examination of the larynx revealed a pathological process suspicious of malignancy. As a result of the biopsy, cancer was detected in all the 3 cases.
Conclusion. The study has analyzed cases of malignancy in CHL during the period of patient dispensary observation, identified factors contributing to malignancy: non-compliance with the terms of MC; prolonged dispensary registration without thorough examination, biopsy and verification of the CHL form; inadequate treatment including numerous ineffective courses of antibiotic therapy.