Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with common variable immune deficiency

Abstract

Objective: to identify clinical and laboratory features of common variable immune deficiency (CVID) in different age groups of patients. Material and methods. The clinical and anamnestic characteristics of 36 patients (16 men and 20 women) aged 15 to 65 (the average age was 37.0±12.7) diagnosed with CVID were studied. Results. Among the examined patients the disease was manifested at the mature age in 25 people (69.4 %) - the 1st group, while in 11 people (30.5 %) the debut of the disease occurred during childhood (from 4 to 17) - the 2nd group. Among the patients of the first group, the greatest number of cases (10 cases, 40.0 %) was found at the age of 20-30; in the children's age group, the greatest number of cases (8 cases, 72.7%) occurred at the age of 13-17. Non-infectious manifestations were significantly more common in adult patients at the onset of the disease (64 %; χ² = 15.68; p < 0.001). Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs and respiratory tract were observed with the same frequency in both the groups. Children significantly more often than adults (72.7 %; χ² = 26.6; p < 0.001) observed a deficit in the three classes of immunoglobulins (Ig) (IgA, IgM, and IgG), whereas in patients with CVID manifestation in adulthood, the concentrations of IgA and IgG were mainly reduced, and meanwhile the degree of the decrease in the immunoglobulin level was more pronounced (72.0 %; χ² = 14.47; p < 0.001). Conclusion. Significant differences in the clinical and laboratory parameters of CVID manifestation in the patients depending on age have been revealed.