THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE LIVER IN ELDERLY PATIENTS

A. L. Kalinin

doi:10.51523/2708-6011.2016-13-1-3

THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE LIVER IN ELDERLY PATIENTS

A. L. Kalinin

https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2016-13-1-3

Full Text:

PDF (Rus) |

Generate QR code

Abstract

The liver experiences various changes with aging that could affect clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with liver diseases. Both liver volume and blood flow decrease significantly with age. These changes and decreased cytochrome P450 activity can affect drug metabolism, increasing susceptibility to drug-induced liver injury. Immune responses against pathogens or neoplastic cells are lower in the elderly, although these individuals may be predisposed to autoimmunity through impairment of dendritic cell maturation and reduction of regulatory T cells. These changes in immune functions could alter the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis and autoimmune liver diseases, as well as the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Collectively, aged patients show various changes of the liver and other organs that could affect the clinical characteristics and management of liver diseases in these patients.

Keywords

возраст, морфологические и патофизиологические изменения, печень, заболевания печени, aging, immunology, liver disease, physiology

References

1. Grigor'ev, P. Ya. Klinicheskaya gastroenterologiya / P. Ya. Grigor'ev, A. V. Yakovenko. - M.: Meditsinskoe informatsionnoe agenstvo, 2004. - 768 s.

2. Meditsinskoe i sotsial'noe obsluzhivanie pozhilykh lyudei v Respublike Belarus' / L. A. Zhilevich [i dr.] Voprosy geriatrii v prakticheskom zdravookhranenii: Materialy Respublikanskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, posvyashchennoi dnyu pozhilykh lyudei «Voprosy geriatrii v prakticheskom zdravookhranenii». - Minsk: BelMAPO, 2014. - S. 54-57.

3. Valenkevich, L. N. Gastroenterologiya v geriatrii / L. N. Valenkevich. - L.: Meditsina, 1987. - 240 s.

4. Pal'tsev, I. V. Sravnitel'nyi analiz biokhimicheskikh pokazatelei krovi u patsientov molodogo i pozhilogo vozrasta s khronicheskimi gepatitami / I. V. Pal'tsev, A. L. Kalinin, L. V. Roman'kov // Problemy ekologii i zdorov'ya. - 2012. - № 1 (31). - S. 105-108.

5. Schmucker, D. L. Age-related changes in liver structure and function: Implications for disease? / D. L. Schmucker // Exp Gerontol. - 2005. - Vol. 40. - P. 650-659.

6. Bolezni pecheni i zhelchevyvodyashchikh putei: ruk-vo dlya vrachei / pod red. V. T. Ivashkina. - M.: M-Vesti, 2002. - 416 s.

7. Radchenko, V. G. Osnovy klinicheskoi gepatologii. Zabolevaniya pecheni i biliarnoi sistemy / V. G. Radchenko, A. V. Shabrov, E. N. Zinov'eva. - SPb.: Dialekt; M.: BINOM, 2005. - 846 s.

8. Schmucker, D. L. Quantifying dense bodies and lipofuscin during aging: a morphologist’s perspective / D. L. Schmucker, H. Sanchez // Arch Gerontol Geriatr. - 2002. - Vol. 34. - P. 249-261.

9. Rukovodstvo po gerontologii i geriatrii v 4-kh t. / pod red. akad. RAMN prof. V. N. Yarygina, prof. A. S. Melent'eva. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2010. - T. 1: Osnovy geriatrii. Obshchayageriatriya. - S. 223-224.

10. Vacuolation in hepatocyte nuclei is a marker of senescence / A. Aravinthan [et al.] // J Clin Pathol. - 2012. - № 65. - R. 557-560.

11. Nuclear size measurement is a simple method for the assessment of hepatocellular aging in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Comparison with telomere-specific quantitative FISH and p21 immunohistochemistry / T. Nakajima [et al.] // Pathol Int. - 2010. - № 60. - R. 175-183.

12. Senescence surveillance of pre-malignant hepatocytes limits liver cancer development / T. W. Kang [et al.] // Nature. - 2011. - № 479. - R. 547-551.

13. Greater age and hepatocellular aging are independent risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma arising from non-B non-C non-alcoholic chronic liver disease / T. Nakajima [et al.] // Pathol Int. - 2011. - № 61. - R. 572-576.

14. Resistin impairs SIRT1 function and induces senescence-associated phenotype in hepatocytes / A. Yu [et al.] // Mol Cell Endocrinol. - 2013. - № 377. - R. 23-32.

15. The effect of age upon liver volume and apparent liver blood flow in healthy man / H. A. Wynne [et al.] // Hepatology. - 1989. - № 9. - R. 297-301.

16. Lazebnik, L. B. Vozrastnye izmeneniya pecheni (klinicheskie i morfologicheskie aspekty) / L. B. Lazebnik, L. Yu. Il'chenko // Klinicheskaya gerontologiya. - 2007. -T. 13, № 1. - S. 3-8.

17. Tietz, N. W. Laboratory values in fit aging individuals-sexagenarians through centenarians / N. W. Tietz, D. F. Shuey, D. R. Wekstein //Clin Chem. -1992. - № 38. - R. 1167-1185.

18. Alanine aminotransferase decreases with age: the Rancho Bernardo Study / M. H. Dong [et al.] // PLoS One. - 2010. - № 5. - R. 14254.

19. Gholson, C. F. Essentials of clinical hepatology / C. F. Gholson, B. R. Bacon. - Mosby - Year Book, 1993. - 285 p.

20. Schmucker, D. L. Liver regeneration and aging: a current perspective / D. L. Schmucker, H. Sanchez //Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res. - 2011. - R. 526379.

21. Iakova, P. Aging reduces proliferative capacities of liver by switching pathways of C / EBPalpha growth arrest / P. Iakova, S. S. Awad, N. A. Timchenko // Cell. - 2003. - № 113. - R. 495-506.

22. Telomere shortening with aging in human liver / K. Takubo [et al.] // J. Gerontol A BiolSci Med Sci. - 2000. - № 55. - R. 533-536.

23. Aging, immunity, and cancer / T. Fulop [et al.] // Discov Med. - 2011. - № 11. - R. 537-550.

24. NK phenotypic markers and IL2 response in NK cells from elderly people / F. Borrego [et al.] // Exp Gerontol. - 1999. - № 34. - R. 253-265.

25. Iwasaki, A. Regulation of adaptive immunity by the innate immune system / A. Iwasaki, R. Medzhitov //Science. - 2010. - № 327. - R. 291-295.

26. Agrawal, A. Dendritic cells and aging: consequences for autoimmunity / A. Agrawal // Expert Rev Clin Immunol. - 2012. - № 8. - R. 73-80.

27. Kaltoft, K. Cytokine-driven immortalization of in vitro activated human T lymphocytes. CD28 expression correlates inversely with cell population doublings // Exp Clin. Immunogenet. - 1998. - № 15. - R. 84-89.

28. Dendritic cells and aging: consequences for autoimmunity / A. Agra-wal [et al.] // Expert Rev Clin. Immunol. - 2012. - № 8. - R. 73-80.

29. B-cell diversity decreases in old age and is correlated with poor health status / K. L. Gibson [et al.] // Aging Cell. - 2009. - № 8. - R. 18-25.

30. Klinicheskaya immunologiya i allergologiya: V 3 t. / pod red. L. Iegera; per. s nem. - 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. - M.: Meditsina, 1990. - 560 s.

For citations:

Kalinin A.L. THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE LIVER IN ELDERLY PATIENTS. Health and Ecology Issues. 2016;(1):13-17. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2016-13-1-3

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

ISSN 2220-0967 (Print)
ISSN 2708-6011 (Online)

Health and Ecology Issues

THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE LIVER IN ELDERLY PATIENTS

Full Text:

Abstract

Keywords

About the Author

References

Review

For citations:

Username
Password
	Remember me

User

Health and Ecology Issues

THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE LIVER IN ELDERLY PATIENTS

Full Text:

Abstract

Keywords

About the Author

References

Review

For citations:

Cookies policy