FEATURES OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES TYPE 2

Abstract

Objective : to study the bone mineral density in patients with diabetes type 2. Material and methods . The study included patients with diabetes type 2 aged over 45. The duration of the disease, type of the therapy and anthropometric measures were taken into account. The laboratory investigation included determination of the level of glycated hemoglobin using the biochemical analyzer «Architect c8000». The bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and proximal femur was measured by dual energy absorptiometry with the «PRODIGY LUNAR». Results. 30 per cent of the patients with diabetes type 2 in the studied group recorded reduced BMD indices, of them 22 % patients diagnosed osteopenic syndrome and 8 % - osteoporosis. The densitometry parameters of the lumbar spine in the patients receiving insulin therapy were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than in the patients taking oral hypoglycemic drugs. The bone mineral density indices in the studied areas were not significantly different in the groups of the patients with different levels of glycated hemoglobin. It was found that the T-score of the lumbar spine in the patients with diabetes 2 with longer duration of the illness was significantly lower than in the comparison group. Conclusion. The patients with long-term (over 12 years) duration of diabetes type 2 showed statistically significant (p = 0.039) lower values of T-score of the lumbar spine (-0.28, 95 % CI -1.04, -0.48) than the group of the patients with diabetes experience less than 12 years (0.29, 95 % CI -0.29, -0.87) with no significant differences in the age and anthropometric values.