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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2018-15-4-3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-68</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭТИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА ИНФЕКЦИЙ КРОВОТОКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Etiologic Structure of Bloodstream Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бонда</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bonda</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагун</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagun</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тапальский</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tapalski</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский областной центр гигиены, эпидемиологии и общественного здоровья</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel Regional Center for Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Educational institution "Gomel State Medical University"</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бонда Н.А., Лагун Л.В., Тапальский Д.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бонда Н.А., Лагун Л.В., Тапальский Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bonda N.A., Lagun L.V., Tapalski D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/68">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/68</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель : оценить этиологическую структуру бактериемий при различных патологических состояниях. Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ результатов 4548 исследований крови на стерильность от пациентов с инфекциями нижних дыхательных путей, инфекциями мочевыделительной системы, эндокардитом, ожогами, злокачественными новообразованиями, лихорадкой неясной этиологии, сепсисом. Культуральное исследование крови проводилось традиционным бактериологическим методом либо с использованием автоматического гемокультиватора. Результаты. Выделено 477 клинически значимых гемокультур. Грамположительные микроорганизмы по частоте выделения преобладали над грамотрицательными, а фунгемия наблюдалась значительно реже (4,4 %). При использовании автоматизированного метода высеваемость микробов в 1,5 раза выше, чем при использовании традиционной двухфазной среды (соответственно, 14,7 и 9,5 %). Оценена этиологическая структура микроорганизмов, выделенных в качестве гемокультуры при различных нозологических формах. Заключение. Выявлено преобладание коагулазо-негативных стафилококков у пациентов с лихорадкой неясной этиологии (53,7 %), инфекциями нижних дыхательных путей (39,5 %), эндокардитом (31,4 %), ожогами (30,5 %) по сравнению с другими нозологическими формами. Энтеробактерии выделялись с большей частотой при бактериемии у больных со злокачественными новообразованиями (30,0 %) и инфекциями мочевыделительной системы (29,4 %), грамотрицательные неферментирующие бактерии - с наибольшим удельным весом в выделенной гемокультуре на фоне ожоговой болезни (31,6 %) и инфекций мочевыделительной системы (29,4 %), энтерококки - с большей частотой при бактериемии у пациентов с эндокардитом (23,5 %).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to assess the etiological structure of bacteremia in various pathological conditions. Material and methods. To check blood sterility, we analyzed results of 4548 blood tests of patients with lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, endocarditis, burns, cancer, fever of unknown etiology, sepsis. Cultural blood analysis was performed by means of the traditional bacteriological method or using an automated hemocultivator. Results. We isolated 477 clinically significant blood cultures. Gram-positive microorganisms prevailed over gram-negative in terms of the isolation rate, and fungemia was observed considerably most rarely (4.4%). Microbial inoculation found by the automated method was 1.5 times as high as that found by the traditional two-phase medium (14.7 and 9.5%, respectively). The etiological structure of microorganisms isolated as blood cultures in various nosological forms was assessed. Conclusion. We have revealed the prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in patients with fever of unknown etiology (53.7 %), lower respiratory tract infections (39.5 %), endocarditis (31.4 %), burns (30.5 %) compared to other nosological forms. Enterobacteria were isolated with higher frequency in bacteremia in patients with malignant tumors (30.0 %) and urinary system infections (29.4 %), and gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria - with the highest specific weight in the isolated hemoculture associated with burn disease (31.6 %) and urinary system infections (29.4 %), enterococci - with greater frequency in bacteremia in patients with endocarditis (23.5 %).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекции кровотока</kwd><kwd>бактериемия</kwd><kwd>гемокультиватор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bloodstream infections</kwd><kwd>bacteremia</kwd><kwd>hemocultivator</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hernández-Roca JJ, Garcia-Vazcuez E, Hernandez A, Canteras M, Herrero JA, Cascales E, Mené-Fenor E, Gómez-Gómez J. 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