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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2026-23-3-06</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-3018</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизмы генов PNPLA3 и TM6SF2 в прогнозировании алкогольного цирроза печени: анализ синергетических эффектов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 gene polymorphisms in predicting alcoholic liver cirrhosis: analysis of synergistic effects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3705-7740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Першенкова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pershenkova</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Першенкова Ольга Сергеевна, ассистент кафедры общей и клинической фармакологии</p><p>Гомель</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Pershenkova, Senior Lecturer at the Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology </p><p> Gomel </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">70bssr@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Першенкова О.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Першенкова О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pershenkova O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/3018">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/3018</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить прогностическую значимость сочетанного анализа полиморфизмов PNPLA3 (I148M) и TM6SF2 (E167K) для выявления пациентов с высоким риском развития цирроза печени (ЦП) на фоне алкогольной болезни печени (АБП).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено исследование «случай — контроль» с участием 187 человек (81 пациент с алкогольным циррозом и 106 здоровых добровольцев). Генотипирование выполнено методом полимеразной цепной реакции — полиморфизмом длины рестрикционных фрагментов (ПЦР-ПДРФ). Статистическая обработка включала U-критерий Манна — Уитни, χ², точный критерий Фишера, логистическую регрессию и ROC-анализ. Различия считали значимыми при p &lt; 0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Носительство генотипа PNPLA3 GG на фоне референсного генотипа TM6SF2 CC ассоциировано с повышением риска ЦП (отношение шансов (OR) = 3,52; p &lt; 0,001). Разработанный аддитивный индекс генетического риска (ИГР, диапазон — 0–4 балла) показал дозозависимый эффект (OR = 1,30 на балл; p = 0,007). При оценке бинарной комбинации чувствительность составила 42,0 %, специфичность — 78,3 %, положительная прогностическая ценность (Positive Predictive Value, PPV) — 59,6 %, отрицательная прогностическая ценность (Negative Predictive Value, NPV) — 63,8 % (AUC = 0,601; 95 % ДИ: 0,519–0,684). Аддитивный индекс продемонстрировал умеренную дискриминационную способность (AUC = 0,614).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Синергетический анализ полиморфизмов PNPLA3 и TM6SF2 повышает точность прогнозирования ЦП у пациентов с АБП по сравнению с изолированной оценкой каждого маркера. Разработанный ИГР (0–4 балла) может быть использован для стратификации пациентов по категориям риска с целью оптимизации диспансерного наблюдения и персонализации профилактических мероприятий.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the prognostic significance of combined analysis of PNPLA3 (I148M) and TM6SF2 (E167K) polymorphisms for identifying patients at high risk of liver cirrhosis (LC) in alcoholic liver disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This case-control study included 187 patients (81 patients with alcohol-associated liver cirrhosis and 106 healthy controls). Genotyping of the PNPLA3 (I148M) and TM6SF2 (E167K) polymorphisms was performed using the method of polymerase chain reaction — restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Statistical analysis included the Mann–Whitney U test, χ², Fisher›s exact test, logistic regression, and ROC analysis. A p-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The PNPLA3 GG genotype carrier state in the presence of the reference TM6SF2 CC genotype was associated with an increased risk of LC (OR=3.52; p&lt;0.001). Developed additive genetic risk index (GRI, range — 0-4 points) showed a dose-dependent effect (OR=1.30 per a point; p=0.007). In evaluating a binary predictor, the PNPLA3 GG + TM6SF2 CC combination yielded a sensitivity of 42.0%, specificity of 78.3%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 59.6%, and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 63.8% (AUC=0.601; 95% CI: 0.519-0.684). The additive index demonstrated moderate discriminative ability (AUC=0.614).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Synergistic analysis of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 polymorphisms improves the prediction accuracy of LC in patients with alcoholic liver disease compared with isolated assessment of each marker. The developed GRI (0-4 points) can be used for risk stratification of patients to optimize clinical follow-up and personalize preventive interventions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алкогольная болезнь печени</kwd><kwd>цирроз печени</kwd><kwd>PNPLA3</kwd><kwd>TM6SF2</kwd><kwd>генетический риск</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcoholic liver disease</kwd><kwd>liver cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>PNPLA3</kwd><kwd>TM6SF2</kwd><kwd>genetic risk</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang D, Mathurin P, Cortez-Pinto H, et al. Global epidemiology of alcohol-associated cirrhosis and HCC: Trends, projections and risk factors. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;20(1):37-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-022-00688-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang D, Mathurin P, Cortez-Pinto H, et al. 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