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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2026-23-3-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2999</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комплексная оценка жидкостной цитологии и молекулярных маркеров (ВПЧ, микроРНК, ИППП) из единого образца в диагностике интраэпителиальных неоплазий шейки матки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comprehensive assessment of liquid-based cytology and molecular markers (HPV, microRNA, STD) from a single specimen in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7638-9364</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitsava</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайцева Лариса Петровна, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики (заведующий) централизованной цитологической лабораториейВрач КЛД (заведующий) централизованной цитологической лаборатории</p><p>г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larysa P. Zaitsava, Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics Doctor (Head) of the Centralized Cytological Laboratory</p><p>Gomel </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larysazaitsava2802@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8750-2680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булатова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulatova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Булатова Анна Александровна, руководитель отдела научных исследований и разработок</p><p>г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Bulatova, Head of the Research and Development Department </p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bulatovan84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6027-0078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волчек</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volchek</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волчек Владислав Станиславович, заведующий профессорским консультативным центром</p><p>г. Гомель</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ladislav S. Volchek, Head of Professorian Consultative Center</p><p>Gomel </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volvst@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3066-5149</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitsava</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайцева Алина Сергеевна, студентка 2 курса лечебного факультета </p><p>г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina S. Zaitsava, Second-year student of the Faculty of General Medicine</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alinazaitsava@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0790-7595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сантарович</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Santarovich</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сантарович Виктория Александровна, врач акушер-гинеколог первой категории </p><p>г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria A. Santarovich, Obstetrics and Gynecology Doctor of the First Category</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">torimore@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малек</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malek</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малек Анастасия Валерьевна, заведующий лабораторией субклеточных технологий</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Malek, Head of the Subcellular Technologies Laboratory</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastasia@malek.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский областной клинический онкологический диспансер</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel Regional Clinical Oncology Centre</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-производственная биотехнологическая компания «Альгимед Техно»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research and Production Biotechnology Company «Algimed Techno»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Гравита»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gravita LLC</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Петрова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N.Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>151</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зайцева Л.П., Булатова А.А., Волчек В.С., Зайцева А.С., Сантарович В.А., Малек А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зайцева Л.П., Булатова А.А., Волчек В.С., Зайцева А.С., Сантарович В.А., Малек А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaitsava L.P., Bulatova A.A., Volchek V.S., Zaitsava A.S., Santarovich V.A., Malek A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2999">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2999</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Продемонстрировать возможность комплексной оценки молекулярно-цитологических параметров из единого образца биоматериала (в стабилизирующей жидкостной среде), выявить закономерности их ассоциации со степенью интраэпителиальной неоплазии шейки матки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное многоцентровое исследование с участием 87 пациенток репродуктивного возраста (декретированные группы 21, 24, 27 лет), проходивших цитологический скрининг (ПАП-тест) в учреждениях Гомеля и Гомельской области в феврале – марте 2026 г. Биоматериал исследовали методом жидкостной цитологии (ЖЦ) (система Бетесда, TBS 2014). Из остаточного объема единого образца выполняли генотипирование 22 типов вируса папилломы человека (ВПЧ) (полимеразная цепная реакция (ПЦР) в реальном времени), исследование на инфекции, передаваемые половым путем (ИППП) (Ureaplasma spp., Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium), и количественный анализ экспрессии шести маркерных микроРНК (miR-21, miR-29b, miR-145, miR-451a, miR-1246, miR-1290) с расчетом диагностического параметра miR-CERVIX. Статистический анализ включал критерий Краскела — Уоллиса, корреляционный анализ Спирмена и точный критерий Фишера.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлена статистически значимая зависимость уровня экспрессии микроРНК от степени цитологических изменений (p &lt; 0,001). Медианные значения параметра miR-CERVIX составили: при NILM — 0,33 [0,15; 0,46], при LSIL — 0,61 [0,56; 0,64], при HSIL — 0,69 [0,57; 0,77] и были значимо выше при сравнении NILM с группами LSIL и HSIL (р &lt; 0,001). В группе HSIL ВПЧ высокого онкогенного риска выявлен в 100 % случаев, при этом доминировал ВПЧ 16-го типа (изолированно или в комбинации). Мультиинфекция ВПЧ чаще встречалась в группах с LSIL и HSIL. Корреляционный анализ установил статистически значимую зависимость (p &lt; 0,001) уровня экспрессии микроРНК от степени цитологических изменений (NILM, LSIL, HSIL).</p><p>Выявлена высокая вариабельность индекса miR-CERVIX в группе NILM (0,01–0,74), что указывает на субклинические молекулярные сдвиги и обосновывает углубленное обследование при значениях ≥ 0,60. Кроме того, индекс miR-CERVIX позволяет персонализировать тактику ведения в группе LSIL: значения &lt; 0,60 ассоциированы с благоприятным течением, ≥ 0,75 — с риском прогрессирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Комплексная оценка ЖЦ и молекулярных маркеров из единого образца устраняет диагностические ошибки на преаналитическом этапе, обеспечивает высокую сопоставимость данных, оптимизирует клинический маршрут, исключая необходимость повторных визитов для забора материала.</p><p>Индекс miR-CERVIX является чувствительным маркером степени CIN. Он позволяет проводить дифференциальную стратификацию риска в группах NILM и LSIL, тогда как в группе HSIL выступает объективным подтверждением молекулярной агрессии опухоли. Комплексный подход, включающий оценку ВПЧ-статуса, профиля микроРНК, формирует методологическую базу для оптимизации диагностического триажа и требует дальнейшей проспективной валидации с гистологическим подтверждением.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To demonstrate the feasibility of a comprehensive assessment of molecular and cytological parameters from a single specimen (preserved in a stabilizing liquid medium), and to identify patterns of association between these parameters and the degree of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective multicenter study was conducted involving 79 female patients of reproductive age (decreed cohorts aged 21, 24, and 27 years old) who underwent cytological screening (PAP test) in medical institutions in Gomel and Gomel Region in February–March 2026. The biomaterial was analyzed using liquid-based cytology (LBC) (the Bethesda System, TBS 2014). From the residual volume of the same specimen, genotyping for 22 HPV types (real-time PCR), testing for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) (Ureaplasma spp., Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium), and quantitative analysis of the expression of six marker microRNAs (miR-21, miR-29b, miR-145, miR-451a, miR -1246, miR -1290) were performed, with calculation of the diagnostic parameter miR-CERVIX. Statistical analysis included the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman’s correlation analysis, and Fisher’s exact test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A statistically significant dependence of microRNA expression levels on the degree of cytological changes was established (p&lt;0.001). The median miR-CERVIX values were: for NILM – 0.33 [0.15; 0.46], for LSIL – 0.61 [0.56; 0.64], and for HSIL – 0.69 [0.57; 0.77]. These values were significantly higher when comparing NILM with the LSIL and HSIL groups (p&lt;0.001). In the HSIL group, a high-oncogenic risk HPV was detected in 100% of cases, with HPV type 16 dominating (either isolated or in combination). HPV multi-infection was more frequent in the LSIL and HSIL groups. Correlation analysis confirmed a statistically significant dependence (p&lt;0.001) of microRNA expression levels on the degree of cytological changes (NILM, LSIL, HSIL).</p><p>High variability of the miR-CERVIX index was detected in the NILM group (0.01–0.74), indicating subclinical molecular changes and justifying extended work-up in patients with values ≥0.60. Furthermore, the miR-CERVIX index allows personalization of management strategy in the LSIL group: values &lt;0.60 are associated with a favorable outcome, whereas values ≥0.75 indicate a risk of progression.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The comprehensive assessment of the liquid-based cytology and molecular markers from a single sample prevents preanalytical errors, ensures high data comparability, and optimizes the clinical pathway, thereby eliminating the need for additional visits for specimen collection. The miR-CERVIX index is a sensitive marker of the CIN degree. It enables differential risk stratification within the NILM and LSIL groups, whereas in the HSIL group it serves as an objective confirmation of the molecular aggressiveness of the lesion. A comprehensive approach including the assessment of HPV status and microRNA profile forms a methodological basis for optimizing diagnostic triage and requires further prospective validation with histological confirmation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шейка матки</kwd><kwd>интраэпителиальная неоплазия</kwd><kwd>жидкостная цитология</kwd><kwd>вирус папилломы человека</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>инфекции</kwd><kwd>передаваемые половым путем</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uterine cervix</kwd><kwd>cervical intraepithelial neoplasia</kwd><kwd>liquid-based cytology</kwd><kwd>human papillomavirus</kwd><kwd>microRNA</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Молекулярные исследования проведены при поддержке НПК «Альгимед Техно».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Molecular analyses were performed with the technical support of the Research and Production Biotechnology Company “Algimed Techno”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegelet R, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A. 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