zdorПроблемы здоровья и экологииHealth and Ecology Issues2220-09672708-6011Gomel State Medical University10.51523/2708-6011.2026-23-1-13zdor-2953Research ArticleОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ И ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ, ГИГИЕНАPUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE, HYGIENEАнализ временной нетрудоспособности пациентов с состоянием после COVID-19-инфекцииAnalysis of temporary disability in patients with post-COVID-19 infectionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6123-2919НикифороваО. Л.NikiforovaO. L.

Никифорова Ольга Леонидовна, старший преподаватель кафедры поликлинической терапии и общеврачебной практики с курсом ФПКиП 

г. Гомель 

Olga L. Nikiforova 

Gomel 

Nikiforova.O.L@yandex.ruГомельский государственный медицинский университетGomel State Medical University202616042026231111118Copyright © Никифорова О.Л., 20262026Никифорова О.Л.Nikiforova O.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2953Цель исследования

Цель исследования. Провести оценку структуры и длительности временной нетрудоспособности (ВН) пациентов с состоянием после COVID-19-инфекции.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Проведено одноцентровое когортное исследование с участием 137 пациентов, наблюдаемых в государственном учреждении здравоохранения «Гомельская центральная городская клиническая поликлиника» (ГУЗ «ГЦГКП»), филиал № 12 с 2021 по 2025 г. Женщины в исследуемой когорте пациентов составили 67,2 % (92 человека), мужчины — 32,8 % (45 человек). Пациентов в трудоспособном возрасте было 81 % (111 человек).

Результаты

Результаты. Листки/справки ВН не выдавались только 14,6 % пациентам с состоянием после COVID-19-инфекции за весь период наблюдения. Чаще всего фиксировались однократные или двукратные случаи ВН. Средняя длительность случая (СДС) ВН у пациентов нетрудоспособного возраста была более продолжительной, составив 24,8 (р = 0,045) в 2022 г., 48,5 (р = 0,0006) в 2023 г. и 24,5 (р = 0,016) дня в 2024 г., чем у пациентов трудоспособного возраста — 15,0, 21,0 и 18,5 дня соответственно. Среди причин ВН у пациентов трудоспособного возраста преобладали острые респираторные вирусные инфекции (ОРВИ), травмы и боль в спине, у пациентов нетрудоспособного возраста — ОРВИ, артериальная гипертензия (АГ) и заболевания суставов.

Заключение

Заключение. Наличие перенесенной в анамнезе острой инфекции COVID-19 не выявило достоверного влияния на заболеваемость, частоту и структуру ВН.

Objective

Objective. To assess the structure and duration of temporary disability (TD) in patients with post-COVID-19 infection.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. A single-center cohort study was conducted involving 137 patients observed at Gomel Central City Clinical Polyclinic (GCCCP), Branch No. 12 from 2021 to 2025. Women accounted for 67.2% (92 people) of the study cohort of patients, and men – 32.8% (45 people). 81% (111 people) of patients were of working age.

Results

Results. Temporary disability certificates were not issued to only 14.6% of patients with post-COVID-19 infection conditions during the entire observation period. The most common types of temporary disability were single or double cases. The average duration of the case (ADC) of temporary disability in non-working patients was longer, amounting to 24.8 (p=0,045) in 2022, 48.5 (p=0,0006) in 2023, and 24.5 (p=0,016) in 2024, compared to 15.0, 21.0, and 18.5 (p=0,016) in 2024 among working-age patients. Among the causes of temporary disability in patients of working age, the most common were acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI), injuries and back pain, while in patients of non-working age, the most common were ARVI, arterial hypertension (AH) and joint diseases.

Conclusion

Conclusion. A known history of acute COVID-19 infection did not reveal a significant impact on the incidence, frequency, and structure of temporary disability.

состояние после COVID-19 инфекциивременная нетрудоспособностьcondition after COVID-19 infectiontemporary disabilityИсследование проведено в рамках Государственной программы научных исследований 4 «Трансляционная медицина», подпрограммы 4.2 «Фундаментальные аспекты медицинской науки»: «3.38. Разработать алгоритм прогнозирования пост-COVID-19-ассоциированной патологии на основании изучения клинико-лабораторных и функциональных показателей 2022–2024 гг.».The study was conducted within the State Program of Scientific Research 4 ‟Translational Medicine”, Subprogram 4.2 ‟Fundamental Aspects of Medical Science”: ‟3.38 Develop an algorithm for predicting post-COVID-19 associated pathology based on the study of clinical, laboratory and functional indicators in 2022-2024”.ReferencesСмирнов А.В. Демографические и экономические последствия пандемии COVID-19 в Российской Федерации. ДЕМИС. Демографические исследования. 2025;5(2):22- 39. [дата обращения: 17.09.2025]. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.