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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2026-23-2-02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2945</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спаечный процесс брюшины: патогенез, последствия, профилактика</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Intra-abdominal adhesions: pathogenesis, consequences, prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5275-3596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терещенко</surname><given-names>П. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereschenko</surname><given-names>P. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Терещенко Павел Дмитриевич, ассистент кафедры хирургических болезней № 3</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel D. Tereschenko, Assistant at the Department of Surgical Diseases №3</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arsinegas10@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8269-8075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Берещенко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bereshchenko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Берещенко Валентин Владимирович, к.м.н., доцент, заведующий кафедры хирургических болезней № 3</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentin V. Bereshchenko, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Surgical Diseases №3</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">val_71@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Терещенко П.Д., Берещенко В.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Терещенко П.Д., Берещенко В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tereschenko P.D., Bereshchenko V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2945">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2945</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Систематизировать данные и проанализировать патогенетические механизмы возникновения интраабдоминального спаечного процесса, возможные последствия формирования внутрибрюшных адгезий, такие как острая тонкокишечная непроходимость и женское бесплодие, а также методологию профилактических мероприятий по недопущению возникновения спаечного процесса брюшины.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен несистемный анализ научных публикаций в системах PubMed, EMBASE и Web of Science, Google Scholar, Elibrary, КиберЛенинка за период 1989–2025 гг., описывающих патогенетические аспекты спаечного процесса брюшины; рассмотрено значение спаечного процесса в возникновении таких состояний, как острая тонкокишечная непроходимость и женское бесплодие, а также варианты профилактики данного состояния. Всего было отобрано 46 оригинальных публикации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Ключевым звеном в патогенезе спаечного процесса брюшины является нарушение процессов мезотелизации, которые возникают в результате дисбаланса перитонеальной фибринолитической системы. Данный дисбаланс проявляется ингибированием фибринолиза под действием ряда факторов. К ним относят обширные повреждения брюшины, недостаточный гемостаз, внутрибрюшную инфекцию. Спаечный процесс брюшины является ведущей причиной острой тонкокишечной непроходимости, на его долю приходится 56 % случаев. Спаечный процесс брюшины малого таза занимает лидирующие позиции в этиологии женского бесплодия. До 23 % женщин проходят лечение по поводу бесплодия после операций на органах брюшной полости. Модификация хирургической техники достоверно не снижает адгезиогенез. Наиболее эффективным методом профилактики спаечной болезни брюшины является использование противоспаечных барьеров.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Профилактика спаечного процесса является важнейшим направлением здравоохранения, позволяет снизить частоту осложнений и летальность при состояниях, связанных с формированием адгезий. Разработка новых противоспаечных барьеров, основываясь на патогенетических механизмах формирования адгезий, является перспективным направлением в профилактике спаечного процесса.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To systematize data and analyze pathogenetic mechanisms of formation of intra-abdominal adhesions, possible consequences of formation of intra-abdominal adhesions, such as acute small bowel obstruction and female infertility, as well as the methodology of preventative measures for occurrence of peritoneal adhesions.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A non-systematic analysis of scientific publications in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Elibrary, and CyberLeninka for the period 1989–2025 was conducted, describing pathogenetic aspects of the adhesive process of the peritoneum; the role of adhesions in the development of conditions such as acute small bowel obstruction and female infertility, as well as options for preventing these conditions, were reviewed. A total of 46 original publications were selected.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A key factor in the pathogenesis of peritoneal adhesions is a disruption of mesothelisation processes resulting from an imbalance of the peritoneal fibrinolytic system. This imbalance manifests itself with the inhibition of fibrinolysis as a result of a number of factors. These include extensive damage to the peritoneum, insufficient hemostasis, and intra-abdominal infection. The adhesive process of the peritoneum is the leading cause of the acute small bowel obstruction, accounting for 56% of cases. The adhesive process of the pelvic peritoneum occupies one of the leading positions in the etiology of female infertility. Up to 23% of women undergo treatment for infertility after abdominal surgery. Modification of surgical techniques does not significantly reduce adhesiogenesis. The most effective method of prevention of adhesive peritoneal disease is the use of anti-adhesion barriers.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Prevention of the adhesive process is a critical area of healthcare, reducing the frequency of complications and mortality in conditions associated with the formation of adhesions. Development of new anti-adhesion barriers based on the pathogenetic mechanisms of adhesion formation is a promising direction in the prevention of the adhesive process.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спаечный процесс брюшины</kwd><kwd>адгезии</kwd><kwd>противоспаечные барьеры</kwd><kwd>спаечная кишечная непроходимость</kwd><kwd>адгезиолиз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>peritoneal adhesion</kwd><kwd>adhesions</kwd><kwd>anti-adhesion barriers</kwd><kwd>adhesive intestinal obstruction</kwd><kwd>adhesiolysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Goor H. Consequences and complications of peritoneal adhesions. Colorectal Dis. 2007;9 Suppl 2:25-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1318.2007.01358.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Goor H. Consequences and complications of peritoneal adhesions. 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