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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2026-23-1-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2925</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА И БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Радиационно-индуцированные изменения ткани легкого и размеров наночастиц крови крыс в ранний отдаленный период после облучения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiation-induced changes in lung tissue and the size of rat blood nanoparticles in the early long-term period after irradiation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0896-5611</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Надыров</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadyrov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надыров Эльдар Аркадьевич, к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии</p><p>г. Гомель  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eldar A. Nadyrov, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology </p><p>Gomel </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadyrov2006@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5038-9670</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравцова</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravtsova</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кравцова Ирина Леонидовна, к.м.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии </p><p>г. Гомель </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina L. Kravtsova, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology</p><p>Gomel </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iuri_shpakovski@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8226-6843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пилотович</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pilotovich</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пилотович Анастасия Станиславовна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории устойчивости биологических систем </p><p>г. Гомель </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nastassia S. Pilotovich, Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Biological Systems Stability </p><p>Gomel </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ms.pilotovich@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6812-753X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челнокова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chelnokova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Челнокова Ирина Александровна, научный сотрудник лаборатории устойчивости биологических систем </p><p>г. Гомель </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Chelnokova, Researcher at the Laboratory of Biological Systems Stability </p><p>Gomel </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irenachelnokova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-0884</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стародубцева</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starodubtseva</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стародубцева Мария Николаевна, д.б.н., доцент, профессор кафедры медицинской и биологической физики; главный научный сотрудник лаборатории устойчивости биологических систем </p><p> г. Гомель </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria N. Starodubtseva, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor at the Department of Medical and Biological Physics; Chief Researcher at the Laboratory of Stability of Biological Systems </p><p>Gomel </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marysta@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНУ «Институт радиобиологии Национальной академии наук Беларуси», Гомель, Беларусь</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт радиобиологии Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет; Институт радиобиологии Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University; Institute of Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Надыров Э.А., Кравцова И.Л., Пилотович А.С., Челнокова И.А., Стародубцева М.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Надыров Э.А., Кравцова И.Л., Пилотович А.С., Челнокова И.А., Стародубцева М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nadyrov E.A., Kravtsova I.L., Pilotovich N.S., Chelnokova I.A., Starodubtseva M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2925">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2925</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить влияние локального рентгеновского облучения грудной клетки на гистологическую картину легочной ткани и размерный профиль наночастиц крови у молодых крыс в ранний отдаленный период после облучения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Однократное локальное облучение 6-месячных крыс линии Wistar проводили с использованием рентгеновского аппарата биологического назначения X-RAD 320 Precision X-ray Inc в дозах 0,1, 1 и 15 Гр. После 3-недельного постлучевого периода были измерены размеры наноразмерных частиц крови методом динамического рассеяния света; проведено гистологическое исследование легких крыс, необлученных и облученных в различных дозах.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. С ростом дозы облучения от 0,1 до 15,0 Гр нарастает интерстициальный отек с инфильтрацией лимфоцитами и нейтрофилами и с одновременным формированием интерстициальной пневмонии и бронхопневмонии (15 Гр), увеличивается соотношение строма/паренхима (rs = 0,365; р = 0,001), в крови размеры наночастиц существенно увеличивались после облучения молодых крыс с дозой 15 Гр. Проведенный сравнительный анализ влияния ионизирующего излучения на крыс молодого и зрелого возраста выявил, что если молодой организм склонен к более острой, деструктивной воспалительной реакции, то организм в зрелом возрасте быстрее запускает механизмы хронического воспаления и фиброзирования, что в долгосрочной перспективе увеличивает вероятность тяжелой дыхательной недостаточности.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что возраст является критическим фактором, определяющим степень тяжести радиационного поражения легких. Полученные экспериментальные данные могут послужить теоретической базой для оценки радиационных повреждений с учетом возраста организма, способствующие минимизации рисков при лучевой терапии и различных радиоэкологических бедствиях.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the effect of local chest X-ray irradiation on the histological picture of lung tissue and the size profile of blood nanoparticles in young rats in the early long-term period after irradiation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A single local irradiation of 6-month-old Wistar rats was performed using a biological X-ray machine X-RAD 320 Precision X-ray Inc at doses of 0.1, 1 and 15 Gy. After a 3-week post-radiation period, the sizes of nanoscale blood particles were measured by dynamic light scattering method; a histological examination of the rats’ lungs, non-irradiated and irradiated, was performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. With increase of the absorbed dose from 0.1 to 15.0 Gy, interstitial edema increases with infiltration by lymphocytes and neutrophils, and with the simultaneous formation of interstitial pneumonia and bronchopneumonia (15 Gy), the stroma/parenchyma ratio increases (rs= 0.365; p=0.001), the size of nanoparticles in the blood increased significantly after irradiation of young rats with a dose of 15 Gy. A conducted comparative analysis of the effects of ionizing radiation on young and mature rats revealed that if a young organism is prone to a more acute, destructive inflammatory reaction, then the body in adulthood triggers the mechanisms of chronic inflammation and fibrosis faster, which in the long term increases the likelihood of severe respiratory failure.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It was found that age is a critical factor determining the severity of radiation damage to the lungs. The experimental data obtained can serve as a theoretical basis for assessing radiation damage, taking into account the age of the body, helping to minimize the risks of radiation therapy and various radioecological disasters.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рентгеновское излучение</kwd><kwd>молодые крысы</kwd><kwd>легкое</kwd><kwd>фиброз</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>наночастицы крови</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>X-ray radiation</kwd><kwd>young rats</kwd><kwd>lung</kwd><kwd>fibrosis</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd><kwd>blood nanoparticles</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках ГПНИ «Природные ресурсы и окружающая среда», подпрограмма «Радиация и биологические системы», задание 3.01.2 «Разработать критерии оценки радиационно-индуцированных изменений ткани внутренней среды, основанной на анализе структуры и механических свойств клеточного компонента на моделях in vitro и in vivo».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the State Programme of Scientific Research “Natural Resources and Environment”, Subprogram “Radiation and Biological Systems”, Task 3.01.2 “To develop criteria for assessing the radiation-induced changes in tissues of the internal environment based on an analysis of the structural and mechanical properties of the cellular component using in vitro and in vivo models”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rahi MS, Parekh J, Pednekar P, Parmar G, Abraham S, Nasir S, Subramaniyam R, Jeyashanmugaraja GP, Gunasekaran K. 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