zdorПроблемы здоровья и экологииHealth and Ecology Issues2220-09672708-6011Gomel State Medical University10.51523/2708-6011.2025-22-4-02zdor-2920Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESВИЧ-ассоциированные заболевания почекHIV-associated kidney diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-7495-5167СевдалеваК. С.SeudalevaK. S.

Севдалева Ксения Сергеевна - ассистент кафедры инфекционных болезней, УО «ГомГМУ».

Гомель

Kseniya S. Seudaleva - Assistant at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Gomel State Medical University.

Gomel

kseudaleva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2844-8603КозорезЕ. И.KozorezE. I.

Козорез Елена Ивановна - к.м.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой инфекционных болезней, УО «ГомГМУ».

Гомель

Elena I. Kozorez - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Gomel State Medical University.

Gomel

elena_kozorez@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-7329СтомаИ. О.StomaI. O.

Стома Игорь Олегович - д.м.н., профессор, ректор УО «ГомГМУ».

Гомель

Igor O. Stoma - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Rector of Gomel State Medical University.

Gomel

rektor@gsmu.byГомельский государственный медицинский университетGomel State Medical University2025210120262241421Copyright © Севдалева К.С., Козорез Е.И., Стома И.О., 20262026Севдалева К.С., Козорез Е.И., Стома И.О.Seudaleva K.S., Kozorez E.I., Stoma I.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2920

В обзоре отражены современные представления о вариантах течения заболеваний почек у пациентов, инфицированных вирусом иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ): от ВИЧ-ассоциированной нефропатии до хронической болезни почек (ХБП). Проанализированы такие факторы риска развития заболеваний почек у ВИЧ-инфицированных, как уровень иммуносупрессии, вирусная нагрузка, антиретровирусная терапия (АРВТ), сопутствующие заболевания. Особое внимание уделено механизмам патогенеза ВИЧ-ассоциированной нефропатии и подходам к ее диагностике.

Учитывая разнообразие морфологических и клинических поражений почек, нами были представлены современные подходы к их ранней диагностике.

The review reflects modern ideas of the variants of the course of kidney diseases in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): from HIV-associated nephropathy to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Such risk factors for the development of kidney diseases in HIV-infected patients as the level of immunosuppression, viral load, antiretroviral therapy, concomitant diseases were analyzed. Special attention has been given to the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of HIV-associated nephropathy and approaches to its diagnosis.

Taking into account the variety of morphological and clinical kidney lesions, we presented modern approaches to their early diagnosis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.