<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2026-23-1-10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2911</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА И БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нарушение баланса между этерифицированным и свободным холестерином плазмы крови при синдроме полиорганной недостаточности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Imbalance between esterified and free cholesterol in blood plasma in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8836-8990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипенко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипенко Александр Николаевич, старший преподаватель кафедры естествознания  </p><p>Могилев </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander N. Osipenko, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Natural Sciences </p><p>Mogilev </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alosipenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Могилевский государственный университет имени А. А. Кулешова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mogilev State A. Kuleshov University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Осипенко А.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Осипенко А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osipenko A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2911">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2911</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить изменение уровней этерифицированного и свободного холестерина в плазме крови при синдроме полиорганной недостаточности (СПОН), обусловленном абдоминальным септическим процессом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследованы фракции этерифицированного и свободного холестерина в образцах крови у 11 человек с обусловленным абдоминальным сепсисом СПОН, а также в крови 9 здоровых человек, составлявших контрольную группу. Для этого с помощью автоматического биохимического анализатора определялось содержание общего холестерина, а с помощью тонкослойной хроматографии проводился анализ фракций свободного и этерифицированного холестерина. Статистический анализ выполнялся с использованием методов непараметрической статистики; статистические отличия считались достоверными при p &lt; 0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Общий холестерин плазмы крови пациентов с сепсисом и СПОН характеризовался существенно сниженной долей этерифицированного холестерина и соответствующим образом увеличенной долей свободной формы этого липида. При этом значение отношения этерифицированного холестерина к свободному оказалось почти вчетверо меньше, чем в контрольной группе. Абсолютное содержание этерифицированного холестерина в плазме крови у данных пациентов составляло чуть более половины минимального значения, наблюдающегося в норме, тогда как аналогичный показатель свободного холестерина соответствовал нормальным значениям.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявленные изменения подтверждают данные о снижении при сепсисе и СПОН активности лецитин-холестерин-ацилтрансферазы (ЛХАТ), при помощи которой происходит образование большей части этерифицированного холестерина крови путем этерификации его свободной формы. При этом следует учитывать, что данный процесс крайне важен для осуществления обратного транспорта холестерина. Полученные результаты также могут свидетельствовать о меньшей активности ацил-КоА-холестерин-ацилтрансферазы (АХАТ), осуществляющей внутриклеточную этерификацию холестерина. Учитывая, что печень является органом, который не только имеет ключевое значение в синтезе холестерина, но и играет основную роль в образовании ЛХАТ, а также в метаболизме холестерина с участием АХАТ, можно предположить, что снижение уровня этерифицированного холестерина при СПОН является следствием расстройства метаболической функции печени.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate changes in the levels of esterified and free cholesterol in blood plasma in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) caused by an abdominal septic process.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The fractions of esterified and free cholesterol were analyzed in blood samples from 11 patients with abdominal sepsis MODS, as well as in the blood of 9 healthy individuals made up the control group. The total cholesterol content was determined using an automatic biochemical analyzer, while thin-layer chromatography was used to analyze the fractions of free and esterified cholesterol. Statistical analyses were performed using non-parametric statistics; statistical differences were considered significant at p&lt;0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The total plasma cholesterol of patients with sepsis and MODS was characterized by a substantially reduced esterified cholesterol fraction, and correspondingly increased free cholesterol proportion. Upon that the ratio of esterified to free cholesterol was almost four times lower than in the control group. The absolute concentration of esterified cholesterol in blood plasma of these patients was slightly more than half of the minimum normal value, while the concentration of free cholesterol was within the normal range.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The identified changes confirm data on decrease in the activity of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in sepsis and MODS, which is responsible for the formation of the majority of esterified cholesterol in the blood by esterifying its free form. Moreover, it should be taken into account that this process is crucial for reverse cholesterol transport. Obtained results may also represent decreased activity of acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), responsible for intracellular cholesterol esterification. Since the liver plays a leading role not only in cholesterol synthesis but also in LCAT production and ACAT-mediated esterification of cholesterol, the decline in esterified cholesterol levels during MODS likely reflects impaired hepatic metabolic function.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>этерифицированный холестерин</kwd><kwd>свободный холестерин</kwd><kwd>липопротеины</kwd><kwd>метаболизм</kwd><kwd>синдром полиорганной недостаточности</kwd><kwd>сепсис</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>esterified cholesterol</kwd><kwd>free cholesterol</kwd><kwd>lipoproteins</kwd><kwd>metabolism</kwd><kwd>multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)</kwd><kwd>sepsis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hofmaenner DA, Kleyman A, Press A, Bauer M, Singer M. The Many Roles of Cholesterol in Sepsis: A Review. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022;205(4):388-396. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202105-1197TR</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hofmaenner DA, Kleyman A, Press A, Bauer M, Singer M. The Many Roles of Cholesterol in Sepsis: A Review. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022;205(4):388-396. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202105-1197TR</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Точило С.А. Предикторы развития синдрома полиорганной дисфункции у пациентов после абдоминальных хирургических вмешательств. Новости хирургии. 2017;25(5):494-502. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18484/2305-0047.2020.2.180</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tachyla SA. Predictors for the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in patients after abdominal surgery. Novosti Khirurgii. 2017;25(5):494-502. (In Russ.). DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18484/2305-0047.2020.2.180</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Green P, Theilla M, Singer P. Lipid metabolism in critical illness. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2016;19(2):111-115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000253</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Green P, Theilla M, Singer P. Lipid metabolism in critical illness. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2016;19(2):111-115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000253</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reisinger AC, Schuller M, Sourij H, Stadler JT, Hackl G, Eller P, Marsche G. Impact of Sepsis on High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;9:795460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.795460</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reisinger AC, Schuller M, Sourij H, Stadler JT, Hackl G, Eller P, Marsche G. Impact of Sepsis on High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;9:795460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.795460</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanaka S, Couret D, Tran-Dinh A, Duranteau J, Montravers P, Schwendeman A, Meilhac O. High-density lipoproteins during sepsis: from bench to bedside. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-02860-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanaka S, Couret D, Tran-Dinh A, Duranteau J, Montravers P, Schwendeman A, Meilhac O. High-density lipoproteins during sepsis: from bench to bedside. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-02860-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гуцол Л.О., Коршунова Е.Ю., Непомнящих С.Ф. Роль микроРНК в регуляции метаболизма холестерина. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2019;4:144. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17513/spno.29020</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gutsol LO, Korshunova EY, Nepomnyaschikh SF. The role of microRNA in cholesterol metabolism regulation. Modern problems of science and education. 2019;4:144. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.17513/spno.29020</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Камышников В.С., Алехнович Л.И., Кузьменко А.Т. Лабораторная диагностика ишемической болезни сердца. Минск: Адукацыя i выхаванне, 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamyshnikov VS, Alekhnovich LI, Kuz’menko AT. Laboratory diagnostics of coronary heart disease. Minsk: Education and upbringing, 2010. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Перова Н.В., Озерова И.Н., Метельская В.А. Метаболическая система выведения холестерина из тканей. Возможность активации ее ключевых звеньев. Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2006;2(2):49-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2006-2-2-49-56</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perova NV, Ozerova IN, Metelskaya VA. Metabolic system of cholesterol elimination from tissues. Possibility of activation its key parts. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2006;2(2):49- 56. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2006-2-2-49-56</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rousset X, Shamburek R, Vaisman B, Amar M, Remaley AT. Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase: an anti- or proatherogenic factor? Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2011;13(3):249-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-011-0171-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rousset X, Shamburek R, Vaisman B, Amar M, Remaley AT. Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase: an anti- or proatherogenic factor? Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2011;13(3):249-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-011-0171-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vance DE, Vance JE, eds. Biochemistry of lipids, lipoproteins and membranes. 5th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53219-0.X5001-6 11. Kaiser T, Kinny-Köster B, Bartels M, Berg T, Scholz M, Engelmann C, et al. Cholesterol esterification in plasma as a biomarker for liver function and prediction of mortality. BMC Gastroenterol. 2017;17(1):57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-017-0614-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vance DE, Vance JE, eds. Biochemistry of lipids, lipoproteins and membranes. 5th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53219-0.X5001-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чиркин А.А., Доценко Э.А., Камышников В.С., Улащик В.С., Костин Г.М., Козловская С.П. и др. Физиологические значения лабораторных тестов у населения республики Беларусь: справочное пособие. Минск: Адукацыя i выхаванне, 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaiser T, Kinny-Köster B, Bartels M, Berg T, Scholz M, Engelmann C, et al. Cholesterol esterification in plasma as a biomarker for liver function and prediction of mortality. BMC Gastroenterol. 2017;17(1):57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-017-0614-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мэдди Э., ред. Биохимическое исследование мембран. Москва: Мир; 1979.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirkin AA, Docenko JeA, Kamyshnikov VS, Ulashhik VS, Kostin GM, Kozlovskaja SP, et al. Physiological parameters of laboratory tests of the population of the Republic of Belarus: directory. Minsk: Education and upbringing, 2010. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gonen A, Miller YI. From inert storage to biological activity-in search of identity for oxidized cholesteryl esters. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020;11:602252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.602252</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maddy AN, ed. Biochemical Analysis of Membranes. London: Chapman and Hall; New York: John Willey &amp; Sons; 1976. (Russ. ed. Meddi E, ed. Biokhimicheskoe issledovanie membran. Moscow: Mir Publ., 1979).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Röschlau P, Bernt E, Gruber W. Cholesterol and esterified cholesterol. In Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, 2nd English ed., edited by H. U. Bergmeyer, 4:1890-1893. New York: Academic Press, 1974. [date of access 2025 July 02]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780120913022/methods-of-enzymatic-analysis</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gonen A, Miller YI. From inert storage to biological activity-in search of identity for oxidized cholesteryl esters. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020;11:602252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.602252</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Q, Guo L, Hao D, Ito M, Mineo C, Shaul PW, et al. Elevated free cholesterol levels due to impaired reverse cholesterol transport are a risk factor for polymicrobial sepsis in mice. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2024;300(12):107974. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107974</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Röschlau P, Bernt E, Gruber W. Cholesterol and esterified cholesterol. In Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, 2nd English ed., edited by H. U. Bergmeyer, 4:1890-1893. New York: Academic Press, 1974. [date of access 2025 July 02]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780120913022/methods-of-enzymatic-analysis</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao H, Wu J, Sun Z, Zhang F, Shi T, Lu K, et al. Influence of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase alteration during different pathophysiologic conditions: A 45 years bibliometrics analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1062249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.1062249</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Q, Guo L, Hao D, Ito M, Mineo C, Shaul PW, et al. Elevated free cholesterol levels due to impaired reverse cholesterol transport are a risk factor for polymicrobial sepsis in mice. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2024;300(12):107974. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107974</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanaka S, Diallo D, Delbosc S, Genève C, Zappella N, Yong-Sang J, et al. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle size and concentration changes in septic shock patients. Ann Intensive Care. 2019;9(1):68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-019-0541-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao H, Wu J, Sun Z, Zhang F, Shi T, Lu K, et al. Influence of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase alteration during different pathophysiologic conditions: A 45 years bibliometrics analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1062249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.1062249</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Z, Datta G, Zhang Y, Miller AP, Mochon P, Chen YF, Chatham J, Anantharamaiah GM, White CR. Apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide treatment inhibits inflammatory responses and improves survival in septic rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009;297(2):H866-H873. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01232.2008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanaka S, Diallo D, Delbosc S, Genève C, Zappella N, Yong-Sang J, et al. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle size and concentration changes in septic shock patients. Ann Intensive Care. 2019;9(1):68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-019-0541-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simon JB, Kepkay DL, Poon R. Serum cholesterol esterification in human liver disease: role of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and cholesterol ester hydrolase. Gastroenterology. 1974;66(4):539-547.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Z, Datta G, Zhang Y, Miller AP, Mochon P, Chen YF, Chatham J, Anantharamaiah GM, White CR. Apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide treatment inhibits inflammatory responses and improves survival in septic rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009;297(2):H866-H873. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01232.2008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чиркин А.А., Коневалова Н.Ю., Гидранович Л.Г. Характеристика лецитинхолестерол-ацилтрансферазной реакции в сыворотке крови при регенерации печени. Научные доклады высшей школы. Биологические науки. 1990;(11):26-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simon JB, Kepkay DL, Poon R. Serum cholesterol esterification in human liver disease: role of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and cholesterol ester hydrolase. Gastroenterology. 1974;66(4):539-547.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Осипенко А.Н., Марочков А.В., Акулич Н.В. Дисфункция пероксисом как одна из возможных причин развития синдрома полиорганной недостаточности. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2012;(4(2)):96-100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirkin AA, Konevalova NIu, Gidranovich LG. The characteristics of the lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase reaction in the blood serum during liver regeneration. Nauchnye Doki Vyss Shkoly Biol Nauki. 1990;(11):26-34. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brosche T, Bertsch T, Sieber CC, Hoffmann U. Reduced plasmalogen concentration as a surrogate marker of oxidative stress in elderly septic patients. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2013;57(1):66-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2013.02.007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osipenko AN, Marochkov AV, Akulich NV. Dysfunction of peroxisomes as one of possible causes of development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2012;(4(2)):96-100. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pike DP, McGuffee RM, Geerling E, Albert CJ, Hoft DF, Shashaty MGS, et al. Plasmalogen loss in sepsis and SARSCoV-2 Infection. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;10:912880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.912880</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brosche T, Bertsch T, Sieber CC, Hoffmann U. Reduced plasmalogen concentration as a surrogate marker of oxidative stress in elderly septic patients. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2013;57(1):66-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2013.02.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pike DP, McGuffee RM, Geerling E, Albert CJ, Hoft DF, Shashaty MGS, et al. Plasmalogen loss in sepsis and SARSCoV-2 Infection. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;10:912880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.912880</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pike DP, McGuffee RM, Geerling E, Albert CJ, Hoft DF, Shashaty MGS, et al. Plasmalogen loss in sepsis and SARSCoV-2 Infection. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;10:912880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.912880</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
