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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2025-22-3-07</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2906</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка клинической эффективности хирургических методов лечения пациентов с обширными посттравматическими дефектами мягких тканей дистальных отделов нижних конечностей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative evaluation of clinical efficacy of surgical methods of treatment of patients with extensive posttraumatic defects of soft tissue of the distal areas of lower extremities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2838-1237</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фёдоров</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федоров Константин Андреевич, начальник 2-го травматологического отделения.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin A. Fedorov - Head of the 2nd Traumatology Department.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">137@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7422-8014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трухан</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trukhan</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трухан Алексей Петрович - д.м.н., профессор, ведущий хирург медицинской части.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey P. Trukhan - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Leading Surgeon of the Medical Unit.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksdoc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7849-6497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богдан</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdan</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богдан Василий Генрихович - д.м.н., профессор, академик-секретарь отделения медицинских наук Национальной академии наук Беларуси.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily G. Bogdan - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician-Secretary at the Department of Medical Sciences.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bogdan-5@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>432 ордена Красной Звезды главный военный клинический медицинский центр Вооруженных Сил Республики Беларусь</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>432 Order of the Red Star Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальная академия наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фёдоров К.А., Трухан А.П., Богдан В.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фёдоров К.А., Трухан А.П., Богдан В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorov K.A., Trukhan A.P., Bogdan V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2906">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2906</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить клиническую эффективность основных методов хирургического лечения пациентов с обширными посттравматическими дефектами мягких тканей дистальных отделов нижних конечностей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен сравнительный анализ результатов хирургического лечения ٧٢ пациентов с обширными посттравматическими дефектами мягких тканей дистальных отделов нижних конечностей, которые проходили лечение на базе государственного учреждения «٤٣٢ ордена Красной Звезды главный военный клинический медицинский центр Вооруженных Сил Республики Беларусь» в период 2016–2021 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Аутодермопластика расщепленным кожным лоскутом, трансплантация свободных лоскутов с созданием сосудистых анастомозов и несвободных кожно-фасциальных лоскутов с осевым кровоснабжением сопровождается высокой частотой развития местных послеоперационных осложнений — в 40–52,4 % случаев, необходимостью выполнения повторных оперативных вмешательств у 33,6–45,2 % пациентов, длительным периодом полного заживления ран — 24–35 суток.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Пластику нейроваскулярными (суральным или сафенус) лоскутами можно рассматривать в качестве базового метода хирургического лечения пациентов с обширными посттравматическими дефектами мягких тканей дистальных отделов нижних конечностей с учетом обоснованной необходимости технического совершенствования этой операции, в том числе с дополнительным применением регенеративных технологий.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate clinical effectiveness of the main methods of surgical treatment of patients with extensive post-traumatic soft tissue defects of the distal areas of lower extremities.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 72 patients with extensive post-traumatic soft tissue defects of the distal areas of lower extremities was carried out. They were treated at 432 Order of the Red Star Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus in the period of 2016-2021.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Autodermoplasty with a split skin flap, transplantation of free flaps with the creation of vascular anastomoses and non-free skin-fascial flaps with axial blood supply is accompanied by a high incidence of local postoperative complications in 40-52.4% of cases, the need for repeated surgeries in 33.6-45.2% of patients, a long period of complete wound healing of 24-35 days.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Plastic surgery with neurovascular (sural or safenus) flaps can be considered as a basic method of surgical treatment of patients with extensive post-traumatic defects of soft tissues of the distal areas of lower extremities, taking into account justified need for technical improvement of this operation, including additional use of regenerative technologies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дефект мягких тканей</kwd><kwd>дистальный сегмент нижней конечности</kwd><kwd>нейроваскулярный лоскут</kwd><kwd>аутодермопластика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soft tissue defect</kwd><kwd>distal segment of the lower extremity</kwd><kwd>neurovascular flap</kwd><kwd>autodermoplasty</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без финансирования</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was conducted without funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Байтингер В.Ф., Байтингер А.В., Ежов А. 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