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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2025-22-3-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2888</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ И ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ, ГИГИЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE, HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Серопревалентность к вирусу SARS-CоV-2 населения Республики Беларусь</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Seroprevalence to the SARS-CoV-2 virus among the population of the Republic of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8212-1129</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дашкевич</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dashkevich</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дашкевич Алла Михайловна - заместитель главного врача по эпидемиологии.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ala M. Dashkevich - Deputy Chief Physician for Epidemiology, Republican Center of Hygiene.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Alla.Dashkevich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4837-5181</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коломиец</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolomiets</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коломиец Наталья Дмитриевна - д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой клинической микробиологии, лабораторной диагностики и эпидемиологии, Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров здравоохранения.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia D Kolomiets - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Diagnostics and Epidemiology, Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ndkolomiets@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7478-8439</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлович</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoilovich</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самойлович Елена Олеговна - д.м.н., профессор, заведующий лабораторией вакциноуправляемых инфекций, Научно-исследовательский институт гигиены, токсикологии, эпидемиологии, вирусологи и микробиологии.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena O. Samoilovich - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Research Institute of Hygiene, Toxicology, Epidemiology, Virology and Microbiology of the Republican Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esamoilovich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8241-0107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карабан</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karaban</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карабан Инна Александровна - начальник отдела гигиены, эпидемиологии и профилактики Министерства здравоохранения Республики Беларусь.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ina A. Karaban - Head of the Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Prevention of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inna_kia@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский центр гигиены, эпидемиологии и общественного здоровья</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров здравоохранения учреждения образования «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel of the Educational Institution "Belarusian State Medical University"</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт гигиены, токсикологии, эпидемиологии, вирусологии и микробиологии ГУ «Республиканский центр гигиены, эпидемиологии и общественного здоровья»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Researche instityte of hygiene, toxicology, epidemiology, virology and microbiology of the Republican Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Министерство здравоохранения Республики Беларусь</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дашкевич А.М., Коломиец Н.Д., Самойлович Е.О., Карабан И.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дашкевич А.М., Коломиец Н.Д., Самойлович Е.О., Карабан И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dashkevich A.M., Kolomiets N.D., Samoilovich E.O., Karaban I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2888">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2888</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить уровень популяционного иммунитета к SARS-CоV-2 среди населения Республики Беларусь.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Оценка популяционного иммунитета к SARS-CoV-2 среди населения Республики Беларусь выполнена в соответствии с протоколом, разработанным Всемирной организацией здравоохранения (ВОЗ) и адаптированным для Республики Беларусь («An age-stratified seroepidemiological investigation protocol for COVID-19 infection in the Republic of Belarus»), в рамках трехэтапного продольного стратифицированного по возрасту сероэпидемиологического исследования, включавшего анкетирование и изучение серопревалентности к RBD фрагменту S белка SARS-CoV-2. Определение суммарных (IgM и IgG) антител к SARS-CoV-2 осуществляли с помощью качественной иммуноферментной тест-системы Wantai SARS-CoV-2 Total Ab (Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise, Китай).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Уже на первом этапе исследования, проведенном спустя год с момента регистрации первого случая COVID-19, популяционный иммунитет населения Республики Беларусь составил 63,2 %. Доля серопозитивных участников как среди детского населения, так и среди взрослых увеличилась на последующих двух этапах, достигнув к октябрю 2021 г. в совокупности 81,0 %. Серопревалентность среди участников с активным образом жизни была выше по сравнению с лицами, которые в этот период ограничили физические контакты.</p><p>На всех трех этапах исследования наибольшая доля серопозитивных лиц выявлена среди работников организаций здравоохранения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Формирование популяционного иммунитета к вирусу SARS-CоV-2 происходило гибридным путем, объединяя естественную защиту после перенесенной инфекции и поствакцинальный иммунитет. Существенное влияние на уровень серопревалентности оказала реализуемая в стране стратегия противодействия COVID-19, в том числе отсутствие локдауна, широкомасштабная кампания вакцинации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Evaluation of the level of population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 among the population of the Republic of Belarus.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Evaluation of population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 among the population of the Republic of Belarus was carried out in accordance with the protocol developed by World Health Organization (WHO) and adapted for the Republic of Belarus («An age-stratified seroepidemiological investigation protocol for COVID-19 infection in the Republic of Belarus») within the 3-stage longitudinal stratified by age seroepidemiological study, which included questionnaires and a study of the seroprevalence to the RBD fragment of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein. Determination of total (IgM and IgG) antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was carried out using the qualitative enzyme immunoassay kit Wantai SARS-CoV-2 Total Ab (Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise, Beijing, China).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. At the first stage of the study, conducted one year after the registration of the first COVID-19 case, the population immunity in the Republic of Belarus was 63.2%. The proportion of seropositive participants both among children and adults increased during the subsequent two stages, reaching a combined total of 81.0% by October 2021. Seroprevalence among participants with an active lifestyle was higher compared to individuals who limited physical contacts during this period. At all three stages of the study, the highest proportion of seropositive individuals was found among healthcare workers.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Formation of the population immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus occurred through a hybrid pathway, combining natural protection following infection and post-vaccination immunity. The country’s COVID-19 response strategy, including the absence of lockdowns and a large-scale vaccination campaign, had a significant impact on the level of seroprevalence.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>серопревалентность</kwd><kwd>коронавирус SARS-CоV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>популяционный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>эпидемический процесс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>seroprevalence</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>population immunity</kwd><kwd>epidemic process</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках сотрудничества с ВОЗ</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out in collaboration with the World Health Organization</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кутырев В.В., Попова А.Ю., Смоленский В.Ю., Ежлова Е.Б. 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