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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2025-22-4-06</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2886</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние вида родоразрешения и акушерского анамнеза женщины на содержание цитокинов и иммуноглобулинов в пуповинной крови и грудном молоке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of mode of delivery and woman’s obstetric history on cytokine and immunoglobulins content in cord blood and breast milk</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7803-5460</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихон</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsikhan</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тихон Наталья Михайловна - к.м.н., доцент, заведующий 1-й кафедрой детских болезней.</p><p>Гродно</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natallia M. Tsikhan - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the First Department of Pediatrics, Grodno State Medical University.</p><p>Grodno</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsikhannat@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0085-0661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляликов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lialikau</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ляликов Сергей Александрович - д.м.н., профессор кафедры клинической лабораторной диагностики и иммунологии.</p><p>Гродно</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Siarhei A. Lialikau - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor at the Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics and Immunology, Grodno State Medical University</p><p>Grodno</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lalikov@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9533-4705</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белевцев</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belevtsev</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белевцев Михаил Владимирович - к.б.н., доцент, заместитель директора по научной работе.</p><p>д. Боровляны, Минский район</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Belevtsev - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Vice Director for Scientific Work, Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology</p><p>Borovliany, Minsk District</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belevtsev_m@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1931-7716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Купчинская</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kupchynskaya</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Купчинская Александра Николаевна - научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологических исследований.</p><p>д. Боровляны, Минский район</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aliaksandra N. Kupchynskaya - Researcher at the Laboratory of Immunology Research, Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology.</p><p>Borovliany, Minsk District</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kupchinskayaa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гродненский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Grodno State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр детской онкологии, гематологии и иммунологии</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тихон Н.М., Ляликов С.А., Белевцев М.В., Купчинская А.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тихон Н.М., Ляликов С.А., Белевцев М.В., Купчинская А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsikhan N.M., Lialikau S.A., Belevtsev M.V., Kupchynskaya A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2886">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2886</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Установить влияние вида родоразрешения, особенностей акушерского анамнеза (паритет родов, прерывание беременности) и гестационной прибавки массы тела на содержание цитокинов и иммуноглобулинов в пуповинной крови (ПК) и грудном молоке (ГМ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 379 беременных женщин. Материалы для исследования: ПК; ГМ, полученное через 1 (ГМ1) и 3 месяца (ГМ2) после рождения ребенка. В биологических жидкостях определяли IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-25, TSLP, IFN-γ, TGFβ1, TGFβ2, CCL17, CCL22, CXCL10 методом иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Роды путем кесарева сечения ассоциированы с существенно более высокими концентрациями CCL17 в ПК (p = 0,0006), IgЕ в ГМ1 (p = 0,02), IL-5 в ГМ2 (p = 0,048) и более низкими уровнями sIgA в ГМ2 (p = 0,05), более значимым снижением концентрации TGFβ1 в ГМ в течение первых трех месяцев (p = 0,004). В группе женщин, имеющих прерывание беременности в анамнезе, были значимо более высокие уровни ССL17 (p = 0,04) и IgE (p = 0,019) в ПК, IL-5 (p = 0,037) и IFN-γ (p = 0,031) в ГМ2. У первородящих женщин определялись более высокие уровни ССL22 (p = 0,0006) и IL-4 (p = 0,032) в ПК, IL-4 (p = 0,047) и IL-5 (p = 0,047) в ГМ1, IL-6 в ГМ2 (p = 0,035).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У женщин, родивших путем кесарева сечения, первородящих, а также с наличием прерываний беременности в анамнезе были выявлены более высокие уровни в ГМ и в ПК IgE и Т2-ассоциированных цитокинов (IL-4, IL-5, CCL17, CCL22), а также IL-6 и IFN-γ, но более низкие концентрации sIgA и TGFβ1. Воздействие такого набора цитокинов в период становления иммунной толерантности может быть связано с изменением траектории развития иммунной системы младенцев в сторону Т2-доминирования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To establish the effect of mode of delivery, aspects of obstetric history (parity, miscarriages), and gestational weight gain on cytokines and immunoglobulins content in cord blood (CB) and breast milk (BM).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 379 pregnant women were included in the study. Study materials: CB; BM expressed in 1 (BM1) and 3 months (BM2) after childbirth. L-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-25, TSLP, IFN-γ, TGFβ1, TGFβ2, CCL17, CCL22, CXCL10 were typed in body fluids by the method of enzyme immunoassay (ELISA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Caesarean deliveries are associated with essential higher concentrations of CCL17 in CB (p=0.0006), IgE in BM1 (p=0.02), IL-5 in BM2 (p=0.048) and lower sIgA level in BM2 (p=0.05), more significant decrease in TGFβ1 concentration in BM within first three months (p=0.004). Significantly higher levels of ССL17 (p=0,04) and IgE (p=0,019) in CB, IL-5 (p=0,037) and IFN-γ (p=0,031) in BM2 were in a group of women having miscarriages in their medical history. Primiparous women had higher levels of CCL22 (p=0.0006) and IL-4 (p=0.032) in CB, as well as IL-4 (p=0.047) and IL-5 (p=0.047) in BM1, and IL-6 in BM2 (p=0.035).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Women delivered by caesarean section, primiparous women, and women with miscarriages in obstetric history were associated with higher BM and CB IgE levels and T2-associated cytokine concentration (IL-4, IL-5, CCL17, CCL22), as well IL-6 and IFN-γ, but lower sIgA and TGFβ1 concentrations. Effect of such cytokine patterns during the period of immune tolerance development may lead to infant immune maturing trajectory changing towards T2 predominance.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>иммуноглобулины</kwd><kwd>акушерский анамнез</kwd><kwd>пуповинная кровь</kwd><kwd>грудное молоко</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>immunoglobulins</kwd><kwd>obstetric history</kwd><kwd>cord blood</kwd><kwd>breast milk</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственной программы научных исследований на 2021‒2025 гг. ГПНИ 4 «Трансляционная медицина», подпрограмма 4.2 «Фундаментальные аспекты медицинской науки», задание 3.32 (01.01.2022‒31.12.2024; № госрегистрации 20220218 от 28.02.2022).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the State Research Program for 2021‒2025 No. 4 “Translational Medicine”, Subprogram 4.2 “Fundamental Aspects of Medical Science”, Task 3.32 (01.01.2022‒31.12.2024; State Registration № 20220218, dated 28.02.2022).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prüss-Ustün A, van Deventer E, Mudu P, Campbell-Lendrum D, Vickers C, Ivanov I, et al. Environmental risks and non-communicable diseases. BMJ. 2019;364:l265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l265</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prüss-Ustün A, van Deventer E, Mudu P, Campbell-Lendrum D, Vickers C, Ivanov I, et al. 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