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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2025-22-2-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2869</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения кишечной микробиоты на фоне хронической HCV-инфекции в зависимости от генотипа вируса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in the intestinal microbiota with a background of chronic HCV infection, depending on the genotype of the virus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-7329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стома</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stoma</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стома Игорь Олегович - д.м.н., профессор, ректор.</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor O. Stoma - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Rector of Gomel State Medical University.</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gsmu@gsmu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0610-1422</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цейко</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tseiko</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цейко Зинаида Анатольевна - преподаватель-стажер кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии, УО «ГГМУ»; врач-интерн, У «Гомельская ОИКБ».</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zinaida A. Tseiko - Trainee Lecture at the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Gomel State Medical University; Internship Doctor, Gomel Regional Infectious Clinical Hospital.</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tzeiko.zinaida@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9435-6109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воропаев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voropaev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воропаев Евгений Викторович - к.м.н., доцент, проректор по научной работе.</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii V. Voropaev - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Vice-Rector for Scientific Work, Gomel State Medical University.</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">voropaev.evgenii@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1931-4224</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипкина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipkina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипкина Ольга Викторовна - заведующий научно-исследовательской лабораторией.</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Osipkina - Head of the Research Laboratory, Gomel State Medical University.</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.osipkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9148-487X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковалев Алексей Алексеевич - старший преподаватель кафедры медицинской и биологической физики.</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Kovalev - Senior Lecturer at the Department of Medical and Biological Physics, Gomel State Medical University.</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kovalev.data.analysis.gsmu@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-3791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зятьков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ziatskov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зятьков Алексей Александрович - старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории.</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aliaksei A. Ziatskov - Senior Researcher at the Research Laboratory, Gomel State Medical University.</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ziatskovaa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6725-5353</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шафорост</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaforost</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шафорост Александр Сергеевич - старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории.</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Shaforost - Senior Researcher at the Research Laboratory, Gomel State Medical University.</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asofocl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет; Гомельская областная инфекционная клиническая больница</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University; Gomel Regional Infectious Clinical Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>147</fpage><lpage>160</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стома И.О., Цейко З.А., Воропаев Е.В., Осипкина О.В., Ковалев А.А., Зятьков А.А., Шафорост А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стома И.О., Цейко З.А., Воропаев Е.В., Осипкина О.В., Ковалев А.А., Зятьков А.А., Шафорост А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stoma I.O., Tseiko Z.A., Voropaev E.V., Osipkina O.V., Kovalev A.A., Ziatskov A.A., Shaforost A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2869">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2869</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Охарактеризовать микробное разнообразие кишечника у пациентов с хронической гепатит С-вирусной инфекцией в зависимости от генотипа HCV.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено когортное одноцентровое исследование 41 пациента с хронической HCV-инфекцией (32 человека с хроническим вирусным гепатитом С и 9 человек с циррозом печени вирусной С-этиологии), в рамках которого определен профиль кишечной микробиоты методом метагеномного секвенирования 16S рРНК. Высокопроизводительное секвенирование проводилось с помощью генетического анализатора MiSeq (Illumina, США) с использованием протокола, основанного на анализе вариабельных регионов гена 16S рРНК. Данные анализировали с использованием Kraken2. Уровень значимости принят равным 0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Охарактеризовано микробное разнообразие кишечника пациентов с хроническим гепатитом С в зависимости от генотипа HCV. На уровне типа установлены различия в численности Actinomycetota и Verrucomicrobiota. Численность Actinomycetota у пациентов с 3-м генотипом HCV была более чем в 3 раза больше, чем у пациентов с 1-м генотипом HCV. Тип Verrucomicrobiota был значимо выше у пациентов с 1-м генотипом HCV, чем с у пациентов с 3-м генотипом HCV. На уровне класса значимые различия установлены в численности Actinomycetia, Verrucomicrobiia, Bacteroidia, Mollicutes и Gammaproteobacteria. Описаны существенные изменения на уровне семейства и рода.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Впервые описано микробное разнообразие кишечника у пациентов с хронической гепатит С-вирусной инфекцией в зависимости от генотипа HCV. Проведение дальнейших исследований поможет лучше понять патогенетические механизмы HCV-инфекции, что будет способствовать развитию персонализированных подходов в лечении пациентов с хроническим вирусным поражением печени.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To characterize the intestinal microbial diversity in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection, depending on the HCV genotype.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A cohort single-center study of 41 patients with chronic HCV infection (32 people with chronic viral hepatitis C and 9 people with liver cirrhosis of viral C etiology) was conducted, within which the intestinal microbiota profile was determined by the method of metagenomic sequencing of 16S rRNA. High-throughput sequencing was performed using the MiSeq genetic analyzer (Illumina, USA) using a protocol based on the analysis of variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. The data were analyzed using the Kraken2 algorithm. The significance level was taken to be 0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The microbial diversity of the intestines of patients with HCV has been characterized depending on the HCV genotype. Differences in the abundance of Actinomycetota and Verrucomicrobiota have been established at the type level. A number of Actinomycetota in patients with HCV genotype 3 was more than 3 times higher than in patients with HCV genotype 1. The Verrucomicrobiota type was significantly higher in patients with HCV genotype 1 than in patients with HCV genotype 3. At the class level, significant differences were found in the abundance of Actinomycetia, Verrucomicrobiia, Bacteroidia, Mollicutes, and Gammaproteobacteria. Significant changes at the family and genus levels are described.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For the first time, microbial diversity of the intestine in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection has been characterized depending on the HCV genotype. Further research will help to better understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of HCV infection, which will contribute to the development of personalized approaches in the treatment of patients with chronic viral liver disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический гепатит С</kwd><kwd>кишечная микробиота</kwd><kwd>цирроз печени</kwd><kwd>генотип HCV</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>метагеномное секвенирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic hepatitis C</kwd><kwd>gut microbiota</kwd><kwd>liver cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>HCV genotype</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd><kwd>metagenomic sequencing</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Республиканский бюджет; внебюджетные средства учреждения образования «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Republican budget; Extra-budgetary funds of Gomel State Medical University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu Z, Shi O, Zhang T, Jin L, Chen X. 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