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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2025-22-1-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2784</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ И ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ, ГИГИЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE, HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Прогноз дозы облучения сельского населения при штатных радиоактивных выбросах АЭС с реакторами ВВЭР-1200 на основе рекомендаций МАГАТЭ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The forecast of the radiation dose of the rural population in case of regular radioactive emissions from nuclear power plants with VVER-1200 reactors based on the recommendations of the IAEA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6913-7609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Переволоцкий</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perevolotsky</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Переволоцкий Александр Николаевич - д.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории математического моделирования и программно-информационного обеспечения.</p><p>Обнинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksander N. Perevolotsky - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and Software and Information Support.</p><p>Obninsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Aleks_Perevolotsky@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8250-5536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Переволоцкая</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perevolotskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Переволоцкая Татьяна Витальевна - к.б.н., доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории математического моделирования и программно-информационного обеспечения.</p><p>Обнинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Perevolotskaya - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and Software and Information Support.</p><p>Obninsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">forest_rad@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт радиологии и агроэкологии Национального исследовательского центра «Курчатовский институт»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Переволоцкий А.Н., Переволоцкая Т.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Переволоцкий А.Н., Переволоцкая Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Perevolotsky A.N., Perevolotskaya T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2784">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2784</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Выполнить прогнозную оценку содержания радионуклидов в компонентах окружающей среды и эффективной дозы облучения сельского населения, проживающего в зоне распространения штатных выбросов атомной электростанции (АЭС) с реакторами ВВЭР-1200.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исходными данными послужили активности допустимого годового выброса типовой АЭС с 4 реакторами ВВЭР-1200. На основе методических рекомендаций Международного агентства по атомной энергии (МАГАТЭ) выполнена оценка содержания радионуклидов в приземном слое воздуха, корнеобитаемом слое почвы, основных продуктах питания и дозы облучения сельского населения, проживающего на различном расстоянии от АЭС.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среднемноголетняя объемная активность радионуклидов в приземном слое воздуха прогнозируется на удалении 1–2 км от АЭС и может достигать 0,7 Бк/м3 по 133Xe, 0,2 — по 3Н и 88Kr, единиц-десятых долей мкБк/м3 по радиоизотопам цезия и йода. За 30 лет работы АЭС плотность загрязнения корнеобитаемого слоя почвы на расстоянии 1–2 км от АЭС прогнозируется ~5 Бк/м2 по 137Cs. В продуктах питания содержание 3H и 14C может достигнуть единиц Бк/кг, а радиоизотопов цезия — десятков мБк/кг. Среднемноголетняя эффективная доза облучения сельского населения, проживающего на расстоянии ~1 км от АЭС, оценивается ~1,4 мкЗв/год, 3 км — 0,7, 10 км — 0,15 и на границе 30-километровой зоны — 0,5. При этом вклад внутреннего облучения в эффективную дозу достигает 70 % от перорального поступления радионуклидов, основными дозообразующими радионуклидами являются 3H и 14С.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При штатных выбросах АЭС эффективная доза облучения сельского населения, проживающего на расстоянии ~1 км от АЭС, составит ~1,4 мкЗв/год, что значительно ниже по сравнению с допустимой для населения, согласно НРБ-99/2009 (1 мЗв/год), квотой на облучение населения от газоаэрозольных выбросов действующей АЭС (200 мкЗв/год) и минимально значимой дозой (10 мкЗв/год).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To carry out predictive assessment of the content of radionuclides in environmental components and the effective radiation dose of the rural population living in the zone of distribution of regular emissions of nuclear power plants with VVER-1200 reactors.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The initial data were the activity of the permissible annual emission of a typical nuclear power plant with 4 VVER-1200 reactors. An assessment of the content of radionuclides in the surface layer of air, the root layer of soil, basic foodstuffs and the radiation dose of the rural population at various distances from the NPP was carried out based on the IAEA’s methodological recommendations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The average long–term volumetric activity of radionuclides in the surface air layer is predicted at a distance of 1-2 km from the NPP and can reach 0.7 Bq/m3 for 133Xe, 0.2 for 3H and 88Kr, units-tenths of μBq/m3 for radioisotopes of caesium and iodine. Over 30 years of NPP operation, the density of contamination of the root-inhabited soil layer at a distance of 1-2 km from the NPP is predicted to be ~5 Bq/m2 according to 137Cs. In food, the content of 3H and 14C can reach units of Bq/kg, and radioisotopes of caesium – tens of mBq/kg. The average long–term effective radiation dose of the rural population at a distance of ~1 km from the NPP is estimated at ~1.4 μSv/year, 3 km – 0.7, 10 km – 0.15 and at the border of the 30-kilometer zone – 0.5. At the same time, the contribution of internal radiation to the effective dose reaches 70% of the oral intake of radionuclides, the main dose-forming radionuclides are 3H and 14C.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. With regular emissions of nuclear power plants, the effective radiation dose of the rural population will be ~1.4 μSv/year at a distance of ~1 km from the NPP, which is significantly lower than the permissible for the population according to NRB-99/2009 (1 mSv/year), the quota for irradiation of the population from aerosol emissions of an operating NPP (200 μSv/year) and the minimum a significant dose (10 μSv / year).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>штатные радиоактивные выбросы</kwd><kwd>атомная электростанция</kwd><kwd>ВВЭР-1200</kwd><kwd>удельная активность</kwd><kwd>радионуклиды</kwd><kwd>внутреннее облучение</kwd><kwd>внешнее облучение</kwd><kwd>эффективная доза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>standard radioactive emissions</kwd><kwd>nuclear power plant</kwd><kwd>VVER-1200</kwd><kwd>specific activity</kwd><kwd>radionuclides</kwd><kwd>internal irradiation</kwd><kwd>external irradiation</kwd><kwd>effective dose</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено согласно плану научно-исследовательских работ по государственному заданию</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted according to the plan of scientific research on the state assignment</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нормы радиационной безопасности (НРБ–99/2009). 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