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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-4-02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2753</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Химические и природные субстанции для защиты от радиационного поражения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chemical and natural substances for protection against radiation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9586-0034</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинчук</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinchuk</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Литвинчук Александра Васильевна, к.х.н., доцент кафедры биологической химии</p><p>г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra V. Litvinchuk, Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Biological Chemistry</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">litvinalexa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-7780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логвинович</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Logvinovich</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Логвинович Ольга Степановна, к.б.н., заведующий кафедрой биологической химии</p><p> г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Logvinovich, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Biological Chemistry</p><p> Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Ologvinovich@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-1951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпаньков</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpankov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шпаньков Александр Олегович, подполковник медицинской службы, заместитель начальника</p><p>г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander O. Shpankov, Lieutenant Colonel of the Medical Service, Deputy Head of the Military and Medical Directorate</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shpankov@gsmu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2421-0163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дохов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dokhov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дохов Олег Владимирович, подполковник медицинской службы, заместитель начальника военной кафедры</p><p>г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Dokhov, Lieutenant Colonel of the Medical Service, Deputy Head of the Military Department</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dohov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2713-9438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мышковец</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myshkavets</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мышковец Надежда Сергеевна, старший преподаватель кафедры биологической химии</p><p>г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadeja S. Myshkavets, Lecturer at the Department of Biological Chemistry</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jasjan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1005-1006</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоус</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belous</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белоус Екатерина Михайловна, преподаватель кафедры биологической химии</p><p> г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina M. Belous, Lecturer at the Department of Biological Chemistry</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katy.belous@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинское управление Министерства обороны Республики Беларусь</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military and Medical Directorate of the Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Литвинчук А.В., Логвинович О.С., Шпаньков А.О., Дохов О.В., Мышковец Н.С., Белоус Е.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Литвинчук А.В., Логвинович О.С., Шпаньков А.О., Дохов О.В., Мышковец Н.С., Белоус Е.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Litvinchuk A.V., Logvinovich O.S., Shpankov A.O., Dokhov O.V., Myshkavets N.S., Belous E.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2753">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2753</self-uri><abstract><p>Приоритетным направлением исследований в области радиационной биологии и медицины остается поиск новых эффективных противолучевых средств, так как защита населения от радиационного поражения входит в ряд вопросов государственной безопасности. Первые полученные медикаментозные лекарственные средства из классов аминотиолов и индолиламинов способны снижать первичные радикальные процессы и применяются как профилактические средства. Для блокирования образования вторичных радикалов биологических молекул в организме после облучения были получены природные субстанции полифенолов, которые применяют в клинике для улучшения восстановления пациентов после радиационной терапии. Впоследствии с открытием межклеточных регуляторов — цитокинов — появилась возможность разработать эффективные терапевтические схемы для стимуляции критических систем организма при лечении лучевой болезни. В Российской Федерации создан первый противолучевой препарат на основе рекомбинантного цитокина — интерлейкин-1. Необходимый химически стабильный и простой в применении противолучевой препарат может быть создан на основе ДНК. Лабораторные исследования показали, что введение экзогенной ДНК в организм после облучения повышает его выживаемость путем создания условий для правильной репарации ДНК в клетках критических тканей. Это позволяет рассматривать субстанцию ДНК весьма перспективной для разработки на ее основе нового противолучевого препарата.</p><p>Целью исследования данной обзорной статьи является анализ литературных источников, содержащих информацию о применяющихся противолучевых средствах радиационной защиты, а также научных публикаций, где описываются результаты проведенных в последние десятилетия исследований, посвященных поискам новых эффективных противолучевых препаратов. В обзоре использовались преимущественно литературные источники из баз данных PubMed и eLibrary.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Priority research in the field of radiation biology and medicine remains the search for new effective anti-radiation substances, since the protection of the human population from radiation damage is one of the issues of state security. The first medicament preparations obtained from classes of aminothiols and indolylamines can reduce primary radical processes and are used as preventive agents. Natural polyphenol substances, which are used in the clinic to improve the recovery of patients after radiation therapy, were obtained to block the formation of secondary radicals of biological molecules in the body after irradiation. Subsequently, with the discovery of intercellular regulators – cytokines, it became possible to develop effective therapeutic regimens to stimulate critical systems of the body in the treatment of radiation sickness. In Russia, the first anti-radiation drug based on the recombinant cytokine interleukin-1 was recently developed. The required chemically stable and easy to use anti-radiation agent can be created on the basis of DNA. Laboratory studies have shown that the introduction of exogenous DNA into the body after irradiation increases its survival by creating conditions for proper DNA repair in cells of critical tissues. This allows us to consider the DNA substance very promising for the development on its basis of a new anti-radiation drug.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радиация</kwd><kwd>противолучевые средства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radiation</kwd><kwd>anti-radiation agents</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Источники финансирования отсутствуют.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Funding. 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DOI: https://doi.org/10.10007/978-94-007-6513-9_7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
