zdorПроблемы здоровья и экологииHealth and Ecology Issues2220-09672708-6011Gomel State Medical University10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-01zdor-2690Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESНовые возможности искусственного интеллекта в медицине: описательный обзорNew possibilities of artificial intelligence in medicine: a narrative reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9330-6513ЛитвинА. А.LitvinA. A.

Андрей Антонович Литвин, д. м. н., доцент, профессор

кафедра хирургических болезней № 3

Гомель

Andrey A. Litvin, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor

Department of Surgical Diseases No. 3

Gomel

aalitvin@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-7329СтомаИ. О.StomaI. O.

Игорь Олегович Стома,  д. м. н., профессор, ректор

Гомель

Igor O. Stoma, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Rector

Gomel

gsmu@gsmu.byhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-5939ШаршаковаТ. М.SharshakovaT. M.

Тамара Михайловна Шаршакова, д. м. н., профессор, заведующийкафедрой

кафедра общественного здоровья и здравоохранения с курсом ФПКиП

Гомель

Tamara M. Sharshakova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department

Department of Public Health and Healthcare with the course of Advanced Training and Retraining

Gomel

t_sharshakova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-8890РумовскаяС. Б.RumovskayaS. B.

София Борисовна Румовская, к. т. н., доцент, старший научный сотрудник

Калининград

Sophiya B. Rumovskaya, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher

Kaliningrad

sophiyabr@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9148-487XКовалевА. А.KyovalevA. A.

Алексей Алексеевич Ковалев, старший преподаватель

кафедра медицинской и биологической физики

Гомель

Alexey A. Kovalev, Senior Lecturer

Department of Medical and Biological Physics

Gomel

kovalev.data.analysis.gsmu@yandex.byГомельский государственный медицинский университетGomel State Medical UniversityФедеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» Российской академии наук, Калининградский филиалFederal Research Center “Informatics and Management” of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC IU RAS), Kaliningrad Branch202428032024211717Copyright © Литвин А.А., Стома И.О., Шаршакова Т.М., Румовская С.Б., Ковалев А.А., 20242024Литвин А.А., Стома И.О., Шаршакова Т.М., Румовская С.Б., Ковалев А.А.Litvin A.A., Stoma I.O., Sharshakova T.M., Rumovskaya S.B., Kyovalev A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2690

   Целью описательного обзора литературы является рассмотрение новых возможностей искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) для улучшения диагностики, профилактики и лечения различных заболеваний.

   В статье обсуждается, какие современные инструменты ИИ могут использоваться в клинической практике, организации здравоохранения и медицинском образовании. В работе рассмотрены различные аспекты систем ИИ медицинского назначения, которые в основном являются системами компьютерной поддержки принятия врачебных решений в процессе клинической работы. Большое внимание уделено возможностям генеративного ИИ в медицине. Были исследованы потенциальные возможности применения ИИ в клинической практике, что подчеркнуло многообещающие перспективы как для практикующих врачей, так и для их пациентов. Описываются ограничения, связанные с использованием ИИ в различных областях медицины, предлагаются возможные способы их решения. Излагаются проблемы информационной безопасности и этических ограничений, связанные с внедрением ИИ. Широкая интеграция ИИ в сферу общественного здравоохранения повысит качество поддержки принятия клинических и управленческих решений, ускорит диагностику заболеваний и улучшит общее качество и доступность медицинских услуг.

   The purpose of the narrative review is to provide a descriptive analysis of the emerging capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of various diseases.

   The article discusses which modern AI tools can be used in clinical practice, healthcare organization and medical education. The paper considers various aspects of medical AI systems, which are mainly computer support systems for medical decision-making in the process of clinical work. Much attention is paid to the possibilities of generative AI in medicine. Potential applications of AI in clinical practice have been investigated, highlighting promising prospects for both practitioners and their patients. The limitations associated with the use of AI in various fields of medicine are described, and possible ways of solving them are suggested. The problems of information security and ethical constraints associated with the introduction of AI are outlined. The broad integration of AI into public health will enhance clinical and management decision support, speed up disease diagnosis, and improve the overall quality and accessibility of healthcare services.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.