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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2020-17-3-8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-264</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Первичная профилактика кровотечений из варикозно расширенных вен пищевода у пациентов с циррозом печени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Primary prevention of bleeding esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0733-7365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смагина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smagina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смагина Наталья Николаевна — ассистент кафедры поликлинической терапии и общеврачебной практики с курсом ФПКиП УО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет»</p><p>e-mail: granitsa06@list.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natallia N. Smagina — Assistant lecturer at the Department of Outpatient Therapy and General Medical Practice with the course of the Faculty of Professional Development and Retraining of the EI «Gomel State Medical University»</p><p>e-mail: granitsa06@list.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">granitsa06@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>УО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смагина Н.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смагина Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smagina N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/264">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/264</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: оценить эффективность применения бета-адреноблокаторов для первичной профилактики кровотечений из варикозно расширенных вен пищевода у пациентов с циррозом печени. Материал и методы. В ретроспективное исследование включено 46 пациентов с циррозом печени различной этиологии, имеющих варикозно расширенные вены пищевода II-III степени. Все пациенты были разделены на две группы. Основную группу составили 23 (50 %) пациента, которым с целью первичной профилактики кровотечений из варикозно расширенных вен пищевода назначались бета-адреноблокаторы в рекомендуемых дозировках непрерывно в течение всего периода наблюдений - с 2009 по 2018 гг. В контрольную группу включены 23 (50 %) пациента с циррозом печени, которым первичная профилактика кровотечений не проводилась. Результаты. Оценку эффективности применения бета-адреноблокаторов проводили с учетом двух показателей: частоты развития кровотечений из варикозно расширенных вен пищевода и летальности. Применение бета-адреноблокаторов позволило уменьшить частоту развития кровотечений с 34,8 до 13 % (р = 0,10), а также снизить летальность с 21,7 до 0 % (р = 0,02). Заключение. Всем пациентам с циррозом печени необходимо проводить скрининговое эндоскопическое обследование для раннего выявления варикозно расширенных вен пищевода. Наличие варикозно расширенных вен пищевода II-III степени требует проведения первичной профилактики кровотечений из них. Препаратами выбора являются неселективные бета-адреноблокаторы. Своевременно и адекватно проведенная профилактика снижает риск кровотечения и способствует уменьшению летальности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of beta-blockers for primary prevention of bleeding esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis. Material and methods. A retrospective study included 46 patients with liver cirrhosis of various etiology having II-III stage esophageal varices. All the patients were divided into two equal groups. The basic group was made up of 23 (50 %) patients who were prescribed beta-blockers at recommended dosages continuously over the observation period from 2009 till 2018 for the purpose of primary prevention of bleeding esophageal varices. The control group included 23 (50 %) patients with liver cirrhosis in whom the primary prevention of the bleedings was not performed. Results. The assessment of the effectiveness of beta-blockers was performed with two indicators: the frequency of bleeding esophageal varices and their mortality. The application of beta-blockers made it possible to reduce the bleeding frequency from 34.8 % to 13 % (р = 0.10) and the mortality from 21.7 % to 0 % (р = 0.02). Conclusion. In order to detect early stages of esophageal varices, endoscopic screening should be performed for all patients with liver cirrhosis. The presence of II-III stage esophageal varices requires primary prevention of the bleedings. The drug-of-choice are non-selective beta-blockers. Timely and adequately prevention reduces the risk of the bleedings and their mortality.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>варикозно расширенные вены пищевода</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>кровотечение</kwd><kwd>бета-адреноблокаторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>esophageal varices</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>bleeding</kwd><kwd>beta-blockers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мillwala F, Nguyen GC, Thuluvath PJ. Outcomes of patients with cirrhosis undergoing non-hepatic surgery: risk assessment and management. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Aug;13(30):4056-63. Available from: https:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC4205305/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мillwala F, Nguyen GC, Thuluvath PJ. Outcomes of patients with cirrhosis undergoing non-hepatic surgery: risk assessment and management. 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