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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2025-22-1-08</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2570</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА И БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность минорных кишечных вирусов у пациентов с острым гастроэнтеритом и в сточных водах Минска и Минской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence of minor intestinal viruses in patients with acute gastroenteritis and in wastewater of Minsk and Minsk region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6431-5050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поклонская</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paklonskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поклонская Наталья Владимировна - к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории инфекций с природным резервуаром.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natallia V. Paklonskaya - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Infections with Natural Reservoir.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labsanvir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4521-6599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шилова Юлия Александровна - специалист по контролю качества.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliua A. Shilova - Quality Control Specialist.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Jusa-89@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7309-152X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амвросьева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amvrosieva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Амвросьева Тамара Васильевна - д.м.н., профессор, заведующий лабораторией инфекций с природным резервуаром.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara V. Amvrosieva - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Infections with Natural Reservoir.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amvrosieva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2313-3483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудкова</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudkova</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гудкова Елена Олеговна - стажер младшего научного сотрудника лаборатории инфекций с природным резервуаром.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena O. Gudkova - Junior Researcher Trainee at the Laboratory of Infections with Natural Reservoir.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labsanvir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6488-9422</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колтунова</surname><given-names>Ю. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaltunova</surname><given-names>Yu. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колтунова Юлия Борисовна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории инфекций с природным резервуаром.</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya B. Kaltunova - Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Infections with Natural Reservoir.</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labsanvir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский центр гигиены, эпидемиологии и общественного здоровья</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Center for Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Альгимед техно»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Algimed Techno LLC</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>71</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Поклонская Н.В., Шилова Ю.А., Амвросьева Т.В., Гудкова Е.О., Колтунова Ю.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поклонская Н.В., Шилова Ю.А., Амвросьева Т.В., Гудкова Е.О., Колтунова Ю.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Paklonskaya N.V., Shilova Y.A., Amvrosieva T.V., Gudkova E.O., Kaltunova Y.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2570">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2570</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить частоту выявления редких (минорных) кишечных вирусов у больных острым гастроэнтеритом (ОГЭ) в столичном регионе Республики Беларусь и изучить распространенность их в общей популяции на основе анализа сточных вод с последующим установлением их генотипов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Острый гастроэнтерит вирусной этиологии вызывается широким спектром различных вирусов, распространенность отдельных типов которых существенно различается в разных странах. В течение 2022 г. проанализировано 235 проб фекалий и 233 пробы сточных вод столичного региона Республики Беларусь. Выявление ротавирусов (РВ), норовирусов геногрупп 1 и 2 (НоВ 1 и 2), аденовирусов F (АдВ), энтеровирусов (ЭВ), астровирусов (АсВ), саповирусов (СпВ), парэховирусов (ПЭВ), бокавирусов (БоВ) и вирусов аичи (АиВ) проводилось методом мультиплексной полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) в режиме реального времени. Генотипы БоВ, СпВ, АсВ определялись с помощью типоспецифической ПЦР и секвенирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что у пациентов с ОГЭ преобладали РВ (61,3 %), НоВ2 (14,5 %) и АдВ (12,8 %), а минорные вирусы были обнаружены в общей сложности у 6,4 % пациентов. Наиболее часто в сточных водах выявлялись АдВ (33,6 %), БоВ (31,4 %), РВ (11,7 %) и АсВ (6,7 %). Молекулярно-генетическое типирование БоВ, АсВ, СпВ позволило определить циркуляцию следующих их генотипов: БоВ генотипа HBoV-1, HBoV-2, HBoV-3, АсВ генотипа HAsV-1 и СпВ генотипа HuSpV GI.2.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что, несмотря на низкую частоту выявления БоВ и АсВ у пациентов с клиническим диагнозом ОГЭ, они широко циркулируют в популяции и могут быть причиной легких случаев ОГЭ, не попавших в поле зрения инфекционистов и в отношении которых не проводилась лабораторная диагностика.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the detection frequency of rare (minor) enteric viruses in patients with acute gastroenteritis in the capital region of the Republic of Belarus, and to study the prevalence of them in general population based on wastewater analysis, with the subsequent establishment of their genotypes.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) of viral etiology is caused by a wide range of different viruses, the prevalence of individual types of which varies significantly in different countries. 235 fecal samples of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) patients and 233 wastewater samples were analyzed during 2022. Detection of rotaviruses (RV), noroviruses of genogroups 1 and 2 (NoV 1 and 2), adenoviruses F (AdV), enteroviruses (EV), astroviruses (AsV), sapoviruses (SpV), parechoviruses (PEV), bocaviruses (BoV) and aichi viruses (AiV) was performed with “real time” multiplex PCR. Genotypes of BoV, AsV, SpV were determined by use of type-specific PCR and sequencing.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that RV (61.3%), NoV2 (14.5%) and AdV (12.8%) were predominant in patients with AGE, and minor viruses were detected in a total of 6.4% of patients. AdV (33.6%), BoV (31.4%), RV (11.7%) and AsV (6.7%) were most frequently detected in wastewater. Molecular genetic typing of BoV, AsV, SpV made it possible to determine the circulation of the following genotypes: BoV genotypes HBoV-1, HBoV-2, HBoV-3, AsV genotype HAsV-1 and SpV genotype HuSpV GI.2.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that, despite the low frequency of detection of BoV and AsV in patients with a clinical diagnosis of AGE, they widely circulate in the population and may be the cause of AGE mild cases that have not seen by infectologists and for which laboratory diagnostics have not been carried out.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кишечный вирус</kwd><kwd>астровирус</kwd><kwd>саповирус</kwd><kwd>бокавирус</kwd><kwd>парэховирус</kwd><kwd>аичи вирус</kwd><kwd>острый гастроэнтерит</kwd><kwd>сточная вода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>enteric virus</kwd><kwd>astrovirus</kwd><kwd>sapovirus</kwd><kwd>bocavirus</kwd><kwd>parechovirus</kwd><kwd>aichi virus</kwd><kwd>acute gastroenteritis</kwd><kwd>wastewater</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках выполнения задания ГНТП без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out as part of the assignment of the State Scientific and Technical Commission without sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Whyte L, Al-Araji R, McLoughlin, L. 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