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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2021-18-3-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-2046</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт использования современных геномных технологий для изучения микроорганизмов и их сообществ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experience of using modern genomic technologies to study microorganisms and their communities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9435-6109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воропаев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voropaev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воропаев Евгений Викторович, к.м.н., доцент, проректор по научной работе </p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii V. Voropaev, PhD (Med), Associate Professor, Vice-Rector in charge of scientifc work </p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">voropaev.evgenii@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-7329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стома</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stoma</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стома Игорь Олегович, д.м.н., доцент, ректор</p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor O. Stoma, DMedSc, Associate Professor, Rector</p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rektor@gsmu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9484-7848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тапальский</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tapalski</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тапальский Дмитрий Викторович, д.м.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии </p><p>Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dzmitry V. Tapalski, DMedSc, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Microbiology </p><p>Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tapalskiy@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гомельский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>159</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воропаев Е.В., Стома И.О., Тапальский Д.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воропаев Е.В., Стома И.О., Тапальский Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voropaev E.V., Stoma I.O., Tapalski D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2046">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/2046</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Целью данной работы явился обзор основных результатов геномных исследований микроорганизмов и их сообществ, выполненных на базе научно-исследовательской лаборатории Гомельского государственного медицинского университета.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Геномный, транскриптомный и метагеномный анализ микроорганизмов желудка и респираторного тракта.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведен анализ возможностей современных платформ высокопроизводительного секвенирования ДНК, описаны собственные результаты использования геномного, транскриптомного и метагеномного анализа для изучения микробиоты у пациентов с различной патологией желудка и респираторного тракта.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В ходе анализа полученных данных выявлены особенности структуры микробных сообществ желудка пациентов, инфицированных Н. pylori с различной патологией желудка: долевое участие Н. pylori в составе метагенома образцов, с различным формами рака желудка не превысило 25 %, гастрита — 6 %, язвы желудка — 1 %. При этом, минимальное количество Н. pylori во всех случаях могло достигать 0,1 %. Выявлена значительная степень вариабельности CagA и CagY локусов Н. pylori. В бактериальном микробиоме пациента с диагнозом «коронавирусная инфекция» установлено доминирование бактерий рода Streptoccocus (36 %), в вирусном — SARS-CoV-2 составляет 59 % от общего количества вирусов в данном материале. При анализе 13 штаммов Klebsiella pneumoniae с множественной и экстремальной устойчивостью к антибиотикам установлена принадлежность изученных штаммов к пяти MLST-типам, три из которых относятся к группам высокого эпидемического риска.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The aim of this work was to review the main results of genomic studies of microorganisms and their communities performed on the base of the Research Laboratory of Gomel State Medical University.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Genomic, transcriptomic and metagenomic analysis of the microorganisms of the stomach and respiratory tract.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The capabilities of modern next-generation sequencing platforms have been analyzed, and the authors` own results of the use of genomic, transcriptomic and metagenomic analysis of the microbiota in patients with various gastric and respiratory pathologies have been described.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained data has revealed peculiarities of the structure of the microbial communities of the stomach of the patients infected with H. pylori with different gastric pathology: the proportion participation of H. pylori in the metagenome of the samples with different forms of gastric cancer did not exceed 25 %, of gastritis — 6 %, of peptic ulcer — 1 %. At the same time, the minimal amount of H. pylori in all the cases could reach 0.1 %. A signifcant degree of CagA and CagY loci variability of H. pylori was detected. Streptoccocus genus bacteria dominated (36 %) in the bacterial microbiome of a patient diagnosed with the coronavirus disease, and in the viral microbiome, SARS-CoV-2 constituted 59 % of the total number of viruses in the material. The analysis of 13 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae with multiple and extreme resistance to antibiotics has found that the studied strains belong to fve MLST-types, three of which are classifed as high epidemic risk groups.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высокопроизводительное секвенирование ДНК</kwd><kwd>метагеномный анализ</kwd><kwd>микрогеном желудка</kwd><kwd>Нelicobacter pylori</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>респираторный микробиом</kwd><kwd>коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>next-generation DNA sequencing</kwd><kwd>metagenomic analysis</kwd><kwd>gastric microgenome</kwd><kwd>Helicobacter pylori</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>respiratory microbiome</kwd><kwd>coronavirus disease</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках НИР «Изучение молекулярно-генетических механизмов реализации инфекционного канцерогенного потенциала на модели заболеваний органов пищеварения, ассоциированных с Helicobacter pylori» № ГР 20190388 от 29.03.2019 г. ГПНИ «Трансляционная медицина» подпрограмма 4.2 «Фундаментальные аспекты медицинской науки».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed within the framework of the research project “Study of the molecular and genetic mechanisms of the implementation of infectious carcinogenic potential on the model of digestive diseases associated with Helicobacter pylori” State Registration No. 20190388 dated 29.03.2019 State Research Program “Translational Medicine”, Subprogram 4.2 “Fundamental aspects of medical science”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бородинов АГ, Манойлов ВВ, Заруцкий ИВ, Петров АИ, Курочкин ВЕ. Поколения методов секвенирования ДНК (обзор). Научное приборостроение. 2020;30(4):3-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borodinov AG, Manoilov BB, Zarutsky IV, Petrov AI, Kurochkin VE. 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