zdorПроблемы здоровья и экологииHealth and Ecology Issues2220-09672708-6011Gomel State Medical University10.51523/2708-6011.2021-18-1-2zdor-1898Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESРоль микроокружения костного мозга в опухолевой трансформации плазмоклеточных пролиферацийRole of the bone marrow microenvironment in tumor transformation of plasma cell dyscrasiashttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3488-6650КозичЖ. М.KozichZh.

Козич Жанна Михайловна, к.м.н., врач-гематолог гематологического отделения для взрослых, г. Гомель

Zhanna M. Kozich, Cand.Sc. (Medicine), hematologist at the Hematology Department for Adults, Gomel

jannakozi@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9146-0237СмирноваЛ. А.SmirnovaL. A.

Смирнова Людмила Алексеевна, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой клинической гематологии и трансфузиологии, г. Минск

Ludmila A. Smirnova, D.Sc. (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Hematology and Transfusiology, Minsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7029-5500МартинковВ. Н.MartinkovV. N.

Мартинков Виктор Николаевич, к.б.н., доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики, г. Гомель

Victor N. Martinkov, Cand.Sc. (Biology), Associate Professor, senior researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Gomel

ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины и экологии человека»Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human EcologyУО «Белорусская медицинская академия последипломного образования»Belarusian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education2021290420211811419Copyright © Козич Ж.М., Смирнова Л.А., Мартинков В.Н., 20212021Козич Ж.М., Смирнова Л.А., Мартинков В.Н.Kozich Z., Smirnova L.A., Martinkov V.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/1898

Несмотря на значительные успехи в понимании патогенеза парапротеинемических гемобластозов, эти заболевания остаются неизлечимыми. В своем развитии они проходят стадию парапротеинемий — доброкачественных заболеваний, характеризующихся появлением моноклонального парапротеина в сыворотке крови и/или моче, наличием клональных плазматических клеток в костном мозге или расположенных экстрамедуллярно. Почему некоторые из парапротеинемий прогрессируют до множественной миеломы или других опухолей лимфоидной природы и как происходит злокачественное прогрессирование, все еще во многом неизвестно. Тем не менее установлена важная роль цитокинов и микроокружения костного мозга при прогрессии заболевания. В этом обзоре мы обобщили наиболее актуальные сведения о роли изменений в микроокружении костного мозга, способствующих злокачественной трансформации.

Despite significant progress in the understanding of the pathogenesis of paraproteinemic hemoblastoses, these diseases remain incurable. In their development, they go through the stage of paraproteinemias, benign diseases, characterized by the detection of monoclonal paraprotein in the blood serum and / or urine, presence of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow or in extramedullary tissues. It remains unclear why some paraproteinemias progress to multiple myeloma or other lymphoid tumors and how malignant progression occurs. An important role in the progression is played by molecular and genetic mechanisms, cytokines. Nevertheless, little is known about how the bone marrow microenvironment influences disease progression. In this review, we made an attempt to summarize the most significant biological, clinical characteristics on the course of paraproteinemias and the role of changes in the bone marrow microenvironment that contribute to malignant transformation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.