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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2020-17-4-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-1873</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА И БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реорганизация цитоскелета лимфоцитов, вызванная кратковременным действием электромагнитного поля сверхнизкой частоты (50 Гц) на кровь in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lymphocyte cytoskeleton reorganization caused by a short-term action of an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (50 Hz) on the blood in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6365-3856</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шклярова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shklyarova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шклярова Анастасия Николаевна — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальных биологических моделей Института радиобиологии НАН Беларуси</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia N. Shklyarova — junior researcher at the Laboratory of Experimental Biological Models of the Institute of Radiobiology of the NAS of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anshkliarava@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-9294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цуканова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsukanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цуканова Елена Владимировна — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальных биологических моделей Института радиобиологии НАН Беларуси</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Tsukanova — junior researcher at the Laboratory of Experimental Biological Models of the Institute of Radiobiology of the NAS of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenatsukanova14@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-0884</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стародубцева</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starodubtseva</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стародубцева Мария Николаевна — доктор биологических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры медицинской и биологической физики УО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет», ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальных биологических моделей Института радиобиологии НАН Беларуси</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria N. Starodubtseva — Doctor of Biological Science, Associate Professor, Professor at the Department of Medical and Biological Physics of the EI «Gomel State Medical University», leading researcher at the Institute of Radiobiologyof the NAS of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marysta@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4436-9371</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чешик</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheshik</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чешик Игорь Анатольевич — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, директор Института радиобиологии НАНБеларуси</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Cheshik — Candidate of Medical Science, Associate Professor, Director of the Institute of Radiobiology of the NAS of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irb@irb.basnet.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНУ «Институт радиобиологии НАН Беларуси»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Radiobiology of the NAS of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНУ «Институт радиобиологии НАН Беларуси»; УО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Radiobiology of the NAS of Belarus; Gomel State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>92–98</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шклярова А.Н., Цуканова Е.В., Стародубцева М.Н., Чешик И.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шклярова А.Н., Цуканова Е.В., Стародубцева М.Н., Чешик И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shklyarova A.N., Tsukanova E.V., Starodubtseva M.N., Cheshik I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/1873">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/1873</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: выявить изменения параметров структуры и механических свойств поверхностного слоя лимфоцитов крови крысы после однократного действия (30 мин и 2 ч) электромагнитного поля сверх- низкой частоты (ЭМП-СНЧ) на цельную кровь крысы in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Цельную кровь крысы линии Wistar (возраст — 4,5 мес.) подвергали действию ЭМП-СНЧ (50 Гц, В = 0,79 мТл), производимого экспериментальной установкой на основе катушки Гельмгольца. Лимфоциты выделяли из крови с помощью метода седиментации в градиенте плотности Histopaque-1077, помещали на поверхность предметных стекол, фиксировали глутаровым альдегидом и высушивали. Атомно-силовую микроскопию (АСМ) проводили на атомно-силовом микроскопе Bioscope Resolve в режиме PeakForce QMN на воздухе.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По результатам анализа АСМ-изображений лимфоциты были классифицированы на несколько морфологических типов в зависимости от размера ламеллоподий. Для лимфоцитов с ламеллоподиями от 400 до 1100 нм были проанализированы механические свойства малых участков их поверхности размером 250 × 250 нм. Выявлено увеличение модуля упругости поверхности лимфоцитов после кратковременного действия (30 мин) ЭМП-СНЧ. С увеличением времени действия ЭМП-СНЧ до 2 ч упругие (модуль упругости) и адгезионные (сила адгезии между острием АСМ-зонда и поверхностью клетки) свойства лимфоцитов существенно ослабляются.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Впервые методом АСМ выявлены наномасштабные изменения структуры и механических свойств поверхности лимфоцитов крысы после кратковременного действия ЭМП-СНЧ (50 Гц, 0,79 мТл, 30 мин), которые свидетельствуют об активации функций лимфоцитов как компонента иммунной системы в ответ на действие ЭМП-СНЧ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to detect changes in the parameters of the structure and mechanical properties of the surface layer of lymphocytes in the blood of a rat after a single action (30 min and 2 h) of an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF EMF) on the rat`s whole blood in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. We exposed the whole blood of a Wistar rat (4.5 months) to the effect of ELF EMF (50 Hz, B = 0.79 mT), generated by an experimental setup based on a Helmholtz coil. Lymphocytes were isolated from the blood using the Histopaque-1077 density gradient sedimentation method, then were placed on the surface of glass slides and fixed with glutaraldehyde, and finally were dried. We performed atomic force microscopy (AFM) using the atomic force microscope Bioscope Resolve in the PeakForce QMN mode in air.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. On the basis of the results of the analysis of the AFM images, we classified the lymphocytes into several morphological types depending on the size of the lamellopodium. We analyzed the mechanical properties of the surface areas sized 250 nm × 250 nm for lymphocytes with the lamellopodium sized 400–1100 nm. The analysis found an rise in the elastic modulus of the lymphocyte surface after a short-term action (30 min) of ELF EMF. When the time of the ELF EMF exposure was increased up to 2 hours, the elastic (elastic modulus) and adhesive properties (the adhesion force between the AFM probe tip and cell surface) of the lymphocytes were significantly weakened.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For the first time using the AFM method we have detected nanoscale changes in the structure and mechanical properties of the surface of the rat`s lymphocytes after a short-term action of ELF EMF (50 Hz, 0.79 mT, 30 min), which are indicative of the activation of the functions of lymphocytes as an immune system component in response to the short-term exposure of ELF EMF.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атомно-силовая микроскопия</kwd><kwd>электромагнитное поле</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>кровь</kwd><kwd>механические свойства</kwd><kwd>крыса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atomic force microscopy</kwd><kwd>electromagnetic field</kwd><kwd>lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>blood</kwd><kwd>mechanical properties</kwd><kwd>rat</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diab KA, The Impact of the Low Frequency of the Electromagnetic Field on Human. 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