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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы здоровья и экологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health and Ecology Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-6011</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Gomel State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51523/2708-6011.2020-17-4-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdor-1864</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические особенности течения заболевания у пациентов с солитарной плазмоцитомой и множественной миеломой, сопровождающейся экстрамедуллярными поражениями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical features of the disease course in patients with solitary plasmacytoma and extramedullary multiple myeloma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3488-6650</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козич</surname><given-names>Ж. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozich</surname><given-names>Zh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козич Жанна Михайловна — к.м.н., врач-гематолог гематологического отделения для взрослых ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины и экологии человека», г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanna M. Kozich — Candidate of Medical Science, hematologist at the Hematology Department for Adults of the SI «Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology», Gomel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jannakozi@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7029-5500</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартинков</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martinkov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мартинков Виктор Николаевич — к.б.н., доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины и экологии человека», г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor N. Martinkov — Candidate of Biological Science, Associate Professor, senior researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of the SI «Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology», Gomel</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0310-5532</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пугачева</surname><given-names>Ж. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pugacheva</surname><given-names>Zh. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пугачева Жанна Никитична — врач лабораторной диагностики клинико-диагностической лаборатории ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины и экологии человека», г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanna N. Pugacheva — physician of laboratory diagnostics at the Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the SI «Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology», Gomel</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3123-9263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жандаров</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhandarov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жандаров Михаил Юрьевич — врач-патологоанатом лаборатории клеточных технологий ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины и экологии человека», г. Гомель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mihail Yu. Zhandarov — pathologist at the Laboratory of Cellular Technologies of the SI «Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology», Gomel</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9146-0237</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Людмила Алексеевна — д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой клинической гематологии и трансфузиологии УО «Белорусская медицинская академия последипломного образования», г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila A. Smirnova — Doctor of Medical Science, Professor, Head of the Department of Clinical Hematology and Transfusiology of the SIE «Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education», Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины и экологии человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУО «Белорусская медицинская академия последипломного образования»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>43–50</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Козич Ж.М., Мартинков В.Н., Пугачева Ж.Н., Жандаров М.Ю., Смирнова Л.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Козич Ж.М., Мартинков В.Н., Пугачева Ж.Н., Жандаров М.Ю., Смирнова Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kozich Z.M., Martinkov V.N., Pugacheva Z.N., Zhandarov M.Y., Smirnova L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/1864">https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/1864</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить клинико-лабораторные особенности течения солитарной плазмоцитомы (СП) и множественной миеломы, сопровождающейся экстрамедуллярными очагами поражения (ММЭП).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включено 42 человека (22 пациента с впервые выявленной ММЭП и 20 пациентов с СП различной локализации). Результаты оценивались спустя 3 года исследования. Медиана возраста в группе СП составила 61,5 года, в группе ММЭП — 65 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При проведении сравнительного анализа групп СП и ММЭП по клинико-лабораторным показателям не выявлено статистических различий в распределении по иммунохимическим вариантам. Обнаружены значимые различия по частоте определения ненормального соотношения легких цепей иммуноглобулинов (p = 0,046).</p><p>При ММЭП экстрамедуллярные очаги поражения чаще встречались у пациентов с множественными литическими очагами костей скелета. СП чаще выявлялась при поражении периферических костей скелета и тел позвонков.</p><p>Клинически ММЭП характеризовалась более агрессивным течением, если были выявлены дополнительные факторы неблагоприятного прогноза (транслокации, мутации) или неблагоприятные иммунофенотипические маркеры (сочетание признаков — экспрессия маркеров CD56 &gt; 20 % и CD95 &lt; 20 %) или если заболевание было диагностировано в более молодом возрасте.</p><p>Наличие даже минимального количества опухолевых или аберрантных плазматических клеток в костном мозге при СП, ненормальное соотношение легких цепей иммуноглобулинов, выявление парапротеина в сыворотке крови или моче являлось фактором неблагоприятного прогноза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Клиническое течение СП и ММЭП при сочетании молодого возраста, наличии транслокаций или мутаций, неблагоприятных иммунофенотипических маркеров характеризуется повышенной частотой прогрессии или развитием резистентности к проводимой терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to study the clinical laboratory features of the course of solitary plasmacytoma (SP) and extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 42 people (22 patients newly diagnosed with EMM and 20 patients diagnosed with SP of various localization). The results were evaluated after 3 years of the study. The median age in the SP group was 61.5 years, in the EMM group — 65 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A comparative analysis of the SP and EMM groups in terms of the clinical and laboratory parameters has found no statistical differences in the distribution of immunochemical variants. Significant differences were found in the frequency of determination of the abnormal ratio of immunoglobulin light chains (p = 0.046).</p><p>In EMM, extramedullary lesions were the most common for patients with multiple lytic bone lesions of the skeleton. SP was the most frequently detected in lesions of the peripheral skeletal bones and vertebral bodies.</p><p>Clinically, EMM was characterized by a more aggressive course if additional factors of an unfavorable prognosis (translocations, mutations) or unfavorable immunophenotypic markers (a combination of signs — expression of markers CD56 &gt; 20 % and CD95 &lt; 20 %) were identified or if the disease had been diagnosed at a young age.</p><p>The presence of even a minimal number of tumor or aberrant plasma cells in the bone marrow of SP patients, an abnormal ratio of immunoglobulin light chains, paraprotein detected in blood serum or urine were all poor prognostic factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The clinical course of SP and EMM combined with a young age, the presence of translocations or mutations, unfavorable immunophenotypic markers, is characterized by an increased frequency of progression or the development of resistance to the performed therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>множественная миелома</kwd><kwd>солитарная плазмоцитома</kwd><kwd>экстрамедуллярные поражения</kwd><kwd>плазматические клетки</kwd><kwd>костный мозг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple myeloma</kwd><kwd>solitary plasmacytoma</kwd><kwd>extramedullary lesions</kwd><kwd>plasma cells</kwd><kwd>bone marrow</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palumbo A, Anderson K. Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(11):1046-60. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmra1011442</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palumbo A, Anderson K. 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