zdorПроблемы здоровья и экологииHealth and Ecology Issues2220-09672708-6011Gomel State Medical University10.51523/2708-6011.2020-17-4-3zdor-1861Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESФилогенетические особенности папилломавирусов и их значение в диагностике папилломавирусной инфекцииPhylogenetic features of papillomaviruses and their significance in the diagnosis of papillomavirus infectionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3461-3246КорсакЕ. С.KorsakK. S.

Корсак Екатерина Сергеевна — ассистент кафедры инфекционных болезней УО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет»

Katsiaryna S. Korsak — Assistant Lecturer at the Department of Infectious Diseases of the EI «Gomel State Medical University»

casia28@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9435-6109ВоропаевЕ. В.VoropaevE. V.

Воропаев Евгений Викторович — к.м.н., доцент, проректор по научной работе УО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет»

Evgenii V. Voropaev — Candidate of Medical Science, Associate Professor, Vice-rector for scientific work of the EI «Gomel State Medical University»

evoropaev@mail.ruУО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет»Gomel State Medical University2020281220200423–28Copyright © Корсак Е.С., Воропаев Е.В., 20202020Корсак Е.С., Воропаев Е.В.Korsak K.S., Voropaev E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.gsmu.by/jour/article/view/1861

Вирусы, принадлежащие к семейству Papillomaviridae, были выделены от млекопитающих, птиц и рептилий. Анализ геномной последовательности более чем 240 различных типов папилломавирусов позволил лучше понять их эволюционную историю. Имеющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что на филогенетическое дерево папилломавирусов повлияло множество различных эволюционных механизмов. На протяжении более 400 миллионов лет папилломавирусы занимают различные экологические ниши. Посленишевой сортировки следовали обширные периоды коэволюции с хозяином. Адаптация к различным тканям хозяев, а также изменяющимся условиям среды объясняют некоторые свойства представителей семейства Papillomaviridae, одним из которых является вирус папилломы человека (ВПЧ), имеющий важное клиническое значение. Изучение движущих механизмов эволюции поможет изменить представление о вирулентности ВПЧ, характере его распространения, эпидемиологии, а также патогенезе и течении онкологических заболеваний, им вызванных. В данном обзоре освещены моменты эволюционной истории папилломавирусов, ставшие предпосылкой для формирования онкогенных свойств некоторых типов ВПЧ.

Viruses belonging to the Papillomaviridae family have been isolated from mammals, birds and reptiles. The analysis of the genome structure of more than 240 different types of papillomaviruses has made it possible to better understand their evolutionary path. The existing data indicate that many diverse evolutionary mechanisms have influenced their phylogenetic tree. For more than 400 million years, papillomaviruses have occupied various ecological niches. Niche sorting was followed by extensive periods of host-parasite co-evolution. Adaptation to different host tissues, as well as to changing environmental conditions can explain some features of the members of the Papillomaviridae family, one of which is human papillomavirus (HPV), having an important clinical significance. The study of the driving mechanisms of the evolution will help to change the notions about HPV virulence, character of its spread, epidemiology, as well as the pathogenesis and the course of oncologic diseases caused by it. This review highlights some moments of the evolutionary history of papillomaviruses which created a background for the development of oncogenic features of certain HPV types.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.